The complementary base pairing laws of DNA and RNA can be used to determine the mRNA base sequence generated from the provided DNA template sequence.
Thymine (T) is replaced by uracil (U) as the complimentary nucleotide for adenine in RNA (A). The mRNA sequence would be as follows:
5'-U-C-U-A-C-U-C-3'
Whereas mRNA is generated in the 5' to 3' direction and the DNA template sequence is read in the 3' to 5' direction. As a result, the nucleotides in the mRNA sequence are arranged in the DNA template sequence's reverse complement.
DNAThe complementary base pairing rules between DNA and RNA are observed during the transcription of DNA into RNA. Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C) in DNA and RNA, while Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U) in RNA.The DNA template's 3'-A-G-A-T-G-A-5' sequence is provided. Using the complementary base pairing rules, we must swap each base out for its RNA counterpart in order to produce the mRNA sequence. In the DNA template sequence, this means that:Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine, while Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U) (C)As a result, the following mRNA sequence would be produced from the provided DNA template sequence:5'-U-C-U-A-C-U-C-3'Keep in mind that the nucleotides in the mRNA sequence are arranged in the DNA template sequence's reverse complement.learn more about DNA here
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3. Use the diagram and information to answer questions below the figure.
You may use the amino acid table at beginning of exam to look up the 3 letter amino acid abbreciation and structure.
You have discovered a new enzyme that you name Pac-Manase that breaks down Pac-dot substrates (see figure below). You determine that the following potential interactions may occur between amino acids (3 letter abbreviation in red) in the enzyme's active site and its substrate (in yellow in figure below). At each site between the chemical group (in green) on the substrate and the closest side chain of an amino acid (in red) on the enzyme (in the gray circles), Pac-Manase, determine if a favorable interaction is likely to take place.
For each amino acid and substrate functional group pair, decide if a favorable interaction is likely take place and if so state the name for the strongest interaction/bond that may occur. For all cases where a potential interaction seems unfavorable, explain why.
A. GLN
B. ASP
C. ILE
D. LYS
E. ARG
The interactions that take place between each amino acid and substrate functional group pair play important roles in determining the structure and function of the enzyme Pac-Manase.
What interaction takes place between each amino acid and substrate functional group pair?Several interactions take place between each amino acid and substrate functional group pair of the enzyme Pac-Manase.
These interactions are described below:
GLN and -OH: GLN contains a side chain with a carboxamide group (-CONH2), which can form hydrogen bonds with a hydroxyl group (-OH). This interaction is called a hydrogen bond.ASP and -NH2: ASP contains a negatively charged side chain, while -NH2 represents a positively charged amino group. The oppositely charged groups can attract each other, forming an ionic bond.ILE and -CH3: ILE contains a side chain with a methyl group (-CH3), which can interact with other methyl groups through van der Waals forces. This interaction is called hydrophobic interaction.LYS and -NH2: LYS contains a positively charged side chain, while -NH2 represents a positively charged amino group. The two positively charged groups can repel each other, but they can also form a salt bridge, which is a strong ionic interaction between oppositely charged groups.ARG and -COOH: ARG contains a positively charged side chain, while -COOH represents a negatively charged carboxyl group. The oppositely charged groups can attract each other, forming a salt bridge.Learn more about amino acids at: https://brainly.com/question/14351754
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Why does a microscope stage have a small hole in it?
Answer: to allow light to pass through
Explanation:
In which cell is the water potential the least negative ,using a diagram of the xylem vessel from a vascular bundle in a root and four adjacent parenchyma cells
The water potential is the least negative in the xylem cell, which is located at the center of the vascular bundle. This is because the xylem cell is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
What is the xylem?The xylem is a type of plant tissue that is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It is composed of specialized cells called tracheids and vessel elements, which are connected end-to-end to form long tubes or vessels.
The xylem vessels are reinforced with lignin, which provides structural support and prevents collapse of the tubes under the pressure of water transport. The movement of water through the xylem is driven by transpiration, which is the loss of water from the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. As water evaporates from the leaves, it creates a negative pressure, or tension, that pulls water up from the roots and through the xylem.
The water potential is the least negative in the xylem cell, which is located at the center of the vascular bundle. This is because the xylem cell is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant, and therefore it must maintain a high water potential to facilitate this process. The adjacent parenchyma cells have lower water potential compared to the xylem cell, as they are involved in storage of nutrients and water, and do not play a major role in water transport.
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The complimentary messenger RNA strand that would be synthesized from the DNA base sequence of CTGAC would be...
A) GACTG
B) UGACU
C) AGTUG
D) GACUG
E) GACGU
GACUG would be the complementary messenger RNA strand that is generated from the DNA base sequence CTGAC.
D is the proper answer.
RNA polymerase, the main enzyme in transcription, builds a complementary strand of RNA using a template consisting of single-stranded DNA. In order to build an RNA strand, RNA polymerase selectively adds each new nucleotide to the 3' end of the strand as it travels from 5' to 3'.
In DNA, adenine (A) always forms a base-pairing pair with thymine (T), whereas in RNA, it forms a base-pairing pair with uracil (U). On the other hand, DNA and RNA both link guanine with cytosine.
The template strand for coding mRNA is provided, and it is composed of the DNA sequence 3'-AGCTTCGA-5'.
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9. What number on the diagram is pointing to the deltoid muscle?
15
16
17
18
Answer:
17 number on the diagram is pointing to the deltoid muscle
Is it advisable to switch Microscope on while looking through the eyepiece
true/false. an increase in temperature will cause an equilibrium to: select the correct answer below: shift right shift left no change depends on the equilibrium
When the temperature rises, an equilibrium will: Decide which of the following is true: No change relies on the equilibrium; go right; move left. True.
Le Chatelier's Principle states that a reversible reaction system that is endothermic in the forward direction will shift in the forward direction when its temperature rises (heats up). We may thus conclude that this response will indeed go to the right.
The equilibrium is shifted in favor of the endothermic process as the temperature rises. Because energy is transferred from the environment during an endothermic reaction, this lessens the effects of the change. The equilibrium is shifted toward the exothermic process as the temperature is lowered.
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_____ is a complex process that begins with the joining of the nucleus of an egg with the nucleus of a sperm.
Conception. The haploid nuclei of the two gametes combine to generate the genome of a new diploid organism by fertilisation, which also activates the egg to start its developmental path.
Fertilization is the process of a sperm cell fusing with an egg. The process of fertilisation takes time. There may be up to 6 days between intercourse and fertilisation since sperm can remain in your uterus and fallopian tube for up to 6 days after sex. When a woman's egg and a man's sperm combine during fertilisation, a pregnancy begins. The fallopian tube connecting an ovary to the uterus is where fertilisation typically occurs. An embryo begins to develop if the fertilised egg is able to exit the fallopian tube and enter the uterus.
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In pea plants, green pods are dominant to yellow pods. If a green pea pod plant, that had a yellow pea
pod parent, is crossed with a yellow pea pod plant, what percentage of the offspring will have green pea
pods?
Answer:
Explanation:
Assuming the green pea pod plant is heterozygous (Gg) and the yellow pea pod plant is homozygous recessive (gg), the Punnett square for the cross can be set up as follows:
G g
g Gg gg
g Gg gg
The possible genotypes of the offspring are: Gg and gg.
Therefore, 50% of the offspring will have green pea pods (Gg) and 50% will have yellow pea pods (gg
Describe how a meander can form an oxbow lake. Use the words "cut bank" in your answer.
Answer:A meander can form an oxbow Lake by using a cut bank to vision the forming happening.
Explanation:
name three activities that causes insulin levels to peak
Answer:
1. Consuming sugary or high-carbohydrate foods: Eating foods that are high in sugar or carbohydrates can cause insulin levels to spike as the body works to process the glucose in the bloodstream.
2. Stress: When the body experiences stress, it releases hormones like cortisol and adrenaline which can cause a temporary increase in blood sugar levels, leading to an insulin spike to regulate the levels.
3. Lack of physical activity: Being sedentary or not engaging in regular physical activity can lead to insulin resistance, where the body becomes less responsive to insulin and requires higher levels to maintain normal blood sugar levels. This can result in insulin spikes after meals or throughout the day.
Answer:
1: Physical Inactivity Can Elevate Blood Sugar in a Matter of Days
2: Skipping Breakfast Can Lead to Higher Blood Sugar All Day
3: Foods High in Saturated Fat Have the Potential to Worsen Insulin Resistance
Explanation:
Insulin's actions at the cellular level encompass carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism and mRNA transcription and translation.
Which of the following best explains how gene pools change to bring about evolution?
A.certain alleles help animals to survive and those alleles are more abundant in the next generation
B. mutations help organisms whenever they appear in organisms
C. individuals alter their alleles to become better suited to the selective pressures of the environment
D. survival of the fittest members of a population increases variation in the gene pool
Certain alleles allow animals to survive and those alleles are more abundant in the next generation this is how the gene pools evolve to bring about evolution.
Describe the gene pool?The gene pool refers to all the alleles (various forms of genes) present in a population of organisms.
It includes variances in the genes that determine physical attributes, behavior, and other traits as well as the entire genetic variety present in the community.
Natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation are a few examples of the processes that can cause the gene pool to alter through time.
How does evolution alter the genetic diversity?By evolution, the gene pool of a population can evolve over time. There are a number of processes by which this might happen, including mutations, natural selection.
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what type of chemical reactions do the 1-4 straight carbon chain alkanes undergo?
Which organelle is denoted by B?
RER
SER
cytoplasm
golgi
The organelle denoted by B is the Golgi apparatus.
Golgi apparatus.Eukaryotic cells have an organelle called the Golgi apparatus, which is crucial for the processing, alteration, and classification of proteins and lipids. It is constructed of a number of stacked cisternae, which are flattened, membrane-bound sacs. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins and lipids are transferred to the Golgi apparatus, where they are altered by the addition or removal of sugars, phosphates, or other chemical groups. Then, it organizes these molecules into vesicles, which can carry them to a variety of locations inside and outside the cell. The Golgi apparatus is essential for ensuring the appropriate operation of the cell in this way.learn more about Golgi apparatus here
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using a similar flow chart, develop a dichotomous key for the seven organisms listed in the chart at question 23.
The use of dichotomous keys is how they earn their name, and they are rather simple to utilize.
ChartDichotomous literally translates to "two branches," which is highly apt considering that the key offers two options at each step. The answers you give to each question—yes or no—will determine how you move on. This is comparable to how you would follow a flowchart. You are guided to the next option as you proceed through each step based on both that answer and the ones that came before it.As an illustration, if you discovered a snake invisit side your home, you might want to identify it right away to find out whether it is poisonous or not and how dangerous it is.For more information on dichotomous key kindly visit to
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which of the following best explains how this model illustrates dna dna replication of both strands as a replication fork moves?
A double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to create two identical DNA molecules through the process of DNA replication.
Because every time a cell splits, the two new daughter cells must have the same genetic material, or DNA, as the parent cell, replication is a crucial process.
DNA replication is the process that makes this happen. Before the cell reaches mitosis or meiosis, during the synthesis phase, also known as the S phase, of the cell cycle, DNA replication takes place.
Each of the two strands that make up the double helix acts as a template from which new strands are copied during DNA replication.
The parental or "old" strand and the new strand will complement one another. One new daughter strand and one new parental strand make up each new double strand. Semiconservative replication is what is meant by this. When two DNA copies are created, they are equally divided into two daughter cells and have an identical nucleotide base sequence.
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The complete question is
Select the statement that best explains why the replication machinery is found at the replication fork.
a. The replication machinery can move fastest orid most efficiently along the DNA template at the replication fork.
b. The replication machinery must be able to open and stabilize the template DNA and it must have access to both template strands for replication.
c. The replication fork is a specific sequence of DNA to which the replication machinery is permanently bound
d. The replication machinery can move fastest and most efficiently along the DNA template at the replication fork
e. The replication machinery must be able to open and stabilize the template DNA, and it must have access to both template strands for replication
f. The replication fork is a specific sequence of DNA to which the replication machinery is permanently bound
g. The replication fork is the region of DNA that is capable of initially being nicked and opened up by the replication machinery so the replication machinery stays at this spot in order to replicate the DNA.
Microsporidia have been tentatively moved from the protists to the fungi based on which of the following?
Presence of chitin in cell walls
Absence of chloroplasts
Analysis of DNA sequence data
Absence of centrioles
Microsporidia have been tentatively moved from the protists to the fungi based on the presence of chitin in their cell walls.
What is chitin?
Chitin is a tough, protective polysaccharide that is found in the cell walls of fungi but not in protists. While the absence of chloroplasts and centrioles can also be used to distinguish fungi from protists, the presence of chitin in the cell walls is a more reliable and definitive characteristic for assigning organisms to the fungal kingdom. In addition to chitin, other features such as analysis of DNA sequence data and other biochemical markers have also supported the reclassification of Microsporidia as fungi.
What is protists?
Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi. They are unicellular or multicellular, and can be found in a variety of habitats such as fresh water, marine environments, soil, and even inside other organisms as parasites. Protists include organisms such as algae, amoebas, ciliates, and slime molds.
Protists are characterized by their eukaryotic cell structure, which includes a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They may have cell walls or lack them, and can reproduce sexually or asexually. Some protists are capable of photosynthesis, while others are heterotrophic and obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter.
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FILL IN THE BLANK thousands of scientists have found that ___helps virtually every age-related condition that people encounter.
Thousands of scientists have found that (B) exercise helps virtually every age-related condition that people encounter.
Early adulthood is considered a new stage in life between adolescence and early adulthood, which lasts around 18 to 25 years. Five characteristics of adulthood emerge: exploration of identity, instability, self-focus, feelings between adolescence and adulthood, and a sense of vast future possibilities. Adulthood emerges mainly in industrialized countries, where most young people are educated and where the median age of marriage and childbirth is around 30 years old. Emerging adulthood varies across industrialized countries. It lasted longest in Europe, while in industrialized Asia freedom from emerging egocentrism in adulthood was balanced by obligations to parents and conservative views on sexuality.
Exercise helps with weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Exercise increases your metabolism or the number of calories you burn each day. It can also help you maintain and increase lean body mass, which can also help increase the number of calories you burn each day.
In non-industrialized countries, emerging adults, although present only among middle-class elites, are expected to grow in the 21st century as these countries become more prosperous.
Complete Question:
Thousands of scientist have found that _____ helps virtually every age-related condition that people encounter
A. weight-loss surgery
B. exercise
C. low-fat diets
D. moderate alc consumptions
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which one of the following cysts occurs when a dominant follicle does not succeed in ovulating but remains active although immature?
Follicular cysts occurs when a dominant follicle does not succeed in ovulating but remains active although immature Therefore, the correct answer is C) Follicular cysts.
A follicular cyst is a type of ovarian cyst that develops when a follicle (a fluid-filled sac) on the ovary does not release an egg during ovulation and instead continues to grow. Normally, a follicle will release an egg during ovulation, and the remaining cells will transform into the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. However, in the case of a follicular cyst, the sac fills with fluid and can continue to grow to a size of 2-3cm in diameter. These cysts are usually asymptomatic and often resolve on their own within a few weeks to a few months. In some cases, they can cause pain or discomfort, and may require medical intervention.
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Full Question ;
Which one of the following ovarian cysts occurs when a dominant follicle does not succeed in ovulating but remains active although immature, and can grow up to 2-3cm in diameter?
A) Dermoid cysts
B) Endometriomas
C) Follicular cysts
D) Corpus luteum cysts.
In mammals, which of the following vessels transports oxygenated blood from the lung back to the heart?
A. pulmonary artery
B. superior vena cava
C. coronary artery
D. pulmonary vein
(d) is the correct option. The pulmonary veins enter the left atrium and re-circulate the oxygenated blood back to the heart. Blood is pumped into the left ventricle from the left atrium.
The aorta, which carries the oxygenated blood to every area of the body, receives blood from the left ventricle. Only one type of vein carries oxygenated blood, which is the pulmonary vein. Oxygenated blood is transported from the lungs by the pulmonary veins. The heart's major artery (aorta), which supplies blood to the entire body, is directly used in coronary circulation. Deoxygenated blood travels from tissue capillaries back to the right atrium of the heart through a network of veins.
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compare and contrast anabolic and catabolic processes by dragging the labels to the correct areas of the venn diagram.
The above present areas of venn diagram represents the compare and contrast between anabolic and catabolic pathways. This Venn diagram shows relaionship between groups.
Metabolism can be represented into two types:
Catabolism Anabolism.First see the above required Venn - diagram for describing the catabolism and anabolism :
Circles that overlap have the common feature of catabolism and anabolism. Circles do not overlap have their own features.Examples for the catabolic pathway : Glycolysis : Breakdown of one molecule of glucose and releasing energy.lipolysis : Breakdown of triglyceridesCitric acid pathway - Oxidtion of acetyl CoA to release energy.Oxidative deaminationMuscle tissue breakdownExamples for the anabolic pathway:Fatty acids becoming triglycerides.Glucose becoming glycogenPhotosynthesis - sugar from CO₂.building block : Which consists synthesis of large protiens from amino acids.Synthesis of new DNA strands from nucleic acid (building block)For more information about anabolic and catabolic pathways, visit :
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from the list provided, select all that can be inferred from the given sample pedigree for sickle-cell disease. (check all that apply.)
From information about sickle-cell disease, it can be inferred that the disease is caused by a mutated gene, is autosomal recessive, carriers have one copy of the mutated gene, and the probability of having an affected child is 25% if both parents are carriers.
here are some general inferences that can be made for sickle-cell disease:
Sickle-cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to develop the disease.Individuals who are carriers of the sickle-cell trait have one copy of the mutated gene and one copy of the normal gene, and are usually asymptomatic but can pass the mutation on to their offspring.The probability of two carriers of the sickle-cell trait having a child with sickle-cell disease is 25% with each pregnancy, 50% of having a child who is also a carrier, and 25% of having a child who is neither a carrier nor affected.If both parents are carriers of the sickle-cell trait, each child they have has a 25% chance of having sickle-cell disease, regardless of the sex of the child.If both parents are carriers, it is possible for some of their children to have sickle-cell disease while others are unaffected carriers or neither.If an individual with sickle-cell disease has children with someone who does not carry the sickle-cell trait, their children will all be carriers of the sickle-cell trait but none will have the disease.To know more about sickle-cell disease, visit:
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Which example best describes a computer model that could be used to better
understand the function of the brain?
O A. A detailed re-creation of the brain in modeling clay that shows the
positions of its structures
OB. A description of the brain as a computer processor that interprets
encoded information
C. A formula for calculating the time it takes a message from the
brain to reach a different part of the body
OD. A simulation predicting the paths of electrical impulses through
the brain
Answer:A simulation predicting the paths of electrical impulses through the brain
Explanation: Apex
Answer:
a
Explanation:
explain the socio-economic challenges that exist in rural areas
Answer:
Rural communities face challenges related to demographic changes, workforce development, capital access, infrastructure, health, land.
Explanation:
Some of the most significant examples of socio-economic issues would include things like: Income levels within a community. The kind of educational opportunities that exist. The employment situation of a community. Safety within a community.
construct a food chain fur seal, feeds on algae in plankton, killer whale feeds on fur seal, fur seal feeds on shrimps
A food chain constructed from a fur seal, feeds on algae in plankton, killer whale feeds on fur seal, fur seal feeds on shrimps
Algae → Shrimps → Fur Seal → Killer Whale
What is the food chain?The base of the food chain is algae, which is a primary producer that converts energy from the sun into food through photosynthesis.
Shrimps feed on the algae and are primary consumers in this food chain.
The fur seal is a secondary consumer that feeds on shrimps.
Finally, the killer whale is a tertiary consumer that preys on the fur seal, making it the top predator in this food chain.
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explain the socio-economic challenges that exist in urban areas
Answer:
the unemployment rate will increase.
Answer:
dually fishtail good too risks tittiesss
identify the cellular components and the location of the component that is respnsible for producing the luciferase protein from mrna
For luciferase protein production, ribosomes would be located either in the cytoplasm or on the surface of the ER, depending on whether the mRNA molecules encoding the protein are destined for secretion or for use within the cell.
The cellular component responsible for producing the luciferase protein from mRNA is the ribosome. Ribosomes are small, complex molecular machines that are responsible for translating the genetic information in mRNA molecules into protein sequences.
In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes can be found in two locations: free in the cytoplasm and bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The free ribosomes produce proteins that are used within the cell, while the bound ribosomes produce proteins that are destined for secretion or for insertion into cell membranes.
Overall, ribosomes are the key cellular component responsible for translating mRNA molecules into proteins, including the luciferase protein.
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Would the mosquito still be able to fin the nesting site
Answer:
Give the full question please
Evolution is simply _ ______ __ ___ _______ ______ __ _ __________ ____ ____.
Evolution is simply the differential survival and reproduction of better-adapted organisms in a population.
What is the process of natural selection associated with evolution?The process of natural selection associated with evolution refers to the differential survival and reproduction of the fittest adaptive phenotypes in a given population, which leads to the change in the morphological and genetic features of organisms in a population and also among species.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that process of natural selection associated with evolution lead to the emergence of new phenotypes in the population.
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Evolution is simply the process of change in living organisms over time. It is a fundamental concept in biology that describes how species can undergo genetic and phenotypic changes across generations. Through mechanisms such as natural selection, genetic mutation, genetic recombination, and genetic drift, populations can accumulate and pass on advantageous traits while losing or modifying less beneficial ones.
Evolution is driven by the interaction between organisms and their environment. Individuals with traits that provide a survival advantage or reproductive success are more likely to pass on their genes to future generations. Over time, this can lead to the emergence of new species, the extinction of others, and the diversification of life forms on Earth.
Evolution is supported by a wide range of evidence, including fossil records, comparative anatomy, embryology, molecular biology, and genetic studies. It provides a powerful framework for understanding the complexity and diversity of life on our planet and how species adapt and change in response to their surroundings.
a number of different phylogenies have been proposed by scientists. these phylogenies are useful because they can be used to
A number of different phylogenies have been proposed by scientists. these phylogenies are useful because they can be used to evaluate which groups of organisms may be most closely related
Phylogeny is the study of the evolutionary history of a species or group, with a focus on relationships and lines of descent among huge groupings of organisms. Phylogenetics is a powerful technique for discovering how current species have evolved.
By analysing phylogenetic trees, scientists can better understand how species have evolved and gain insight into the similarities and differences between diverse species. An animal phylogenetic tree that illustrates the evolution of an animal's parts is a special phylogeny example.
The evolution of animal organs serves as an example of animal phylogeny. The primary animal lineages evolutionary relationships can be inferred from this type of figure's organ level structure.
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