Advanced Placement (AP)

Refer to the passage."It is estimated that a total of seventy thousand private tube-wells were sunk during the 19691970 crop season in India, which brings about 1.4 million hectares of additional land under controlled irrigation, thereby greatly expanding the food production potential. It is estimated that at present less than half of the irrigation potential of India has been developed.If the high-yielding dwarf wheat and rice varieties are the catalysts that have ignited the green revolution, then chemical fertilizer is the fuel that has powered its forward thrust. The responsiveness of the high-yielding varieties has greatly increased fertilizer consumption. The new varieties not only respond to much heavier dosages of fertilizer than the old ones but are also much more efficient in its use. The old tall-strawed varieties would produce only ten kilos of additional grain for each kilo of nitrogen applied, while the new varieties can produce twenty to twenty-five kilos or more of additional grain per kilo of nitrogen applied. Consumption of nitrogen fertilizer in India has increased from fifty-eight thousand metric tons of nutrients in 19501951 to 538 thousand and 1.2 million metric tons in 19641965 and 19691970 crop cycles, respectively; and about sixty percent of this amount was produced domestically.Norman Borlaug, accepting the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize for his role in reducing hunger in India and PakistanHow is the position of farmers growing high-yield crops different from that of farmers growing traditional crops?Farmers growing high-yield crops use less land, causing them to follow a higher-density settlement pattern.Farmers growing high-yield crops are more likely to be self-sufficient and thus require less support from the rest of society.Farmers growing high-yield crops require a larger amount of water and are therefore restricted to land within the irrigated zone.Farmers growing high-yield crops require investment capital to fulfill their potential, but they can achieve profits and escape poverty.