Answer:
f
Explanation:
A) How do scientists use molecular clocks to study evolution?
B) Explain some assumptions and limitations of the molecular clock concept.
Answer:
A) A molecular clock is a measure of evolutionary time based on the theory that specific DNA sequences mutate at constant rates. To use a molecular clock, scientists first select two different species and compare their DNA sequences. They can compare the DNA sequences directly, or by looking at the RNA and protein molecules created from the DNA. Molecular clocks help to measure the number of changes and mutations which accumulate in the gene sequence of different species over a period of time.
B) Molecular clocks assume the neutrality of gene mutation. They are based on the fact that genetic mutations although random, occur at a relatively constant rate. Evolutionary biologists use this information to deduce how species evolve and determine when two species diverged on the evolutionary time line. It is useful in the study of variations in selective forces, and also facilitates establishing the dates of phylogenetic events including those not documented by fossils. Molecular clocks do have some limitations. Rates of change may not be constant, may not be the same in all organisms, and may be different for different genes.
I used the answer above and added some stuff here and there, so credit to them. I'm not sure if what I wrote makes much sense, but hopefully it can be somewhat helpful. :)
Which of the following scientists discoverell that in DNA there is the same amount of 1 point
adenine as thymine and the same amount of guanine as cytosine?
Answer:Erwin Chargaff
Explanation:
Which of the following are not examples of renewable resources?
21. A soft sedimentary rock, like limestone, can change over time into a hard metamorphic rock
like marble. What processes must have acted on the limestone over the years to change this
sedimentary material into hard metamorphic material?
Answer:
The heat generated by the magma chamber has changed these sedimentary rocks into the metamorphic rocks marble, quartzite, an hornfels. Regional Metamorphism occurs over a much larger area. This metamorphism produces rocks such as gneiss and schist. ... They are generally as hard and sometimes harder than igneous rocks.
If sedimentary rock, pressed inside the crust and treated with a high pressure and temperature, then it can change over time into a hard metamorphic rock.
What is a sedimentary rock?A sedimentary rock is mad up by the decomposition of minerals and other organic matter near the water surface.
These rocks are soft, such as limestone.
These rocks can turn into hard metamorphic rocks if they came in contact with high pressure and temperature.
Thus, by high pressure and temperature, the sedimentary rock change into hard metamorphic rock.
Learn more about metamorphic rock, here:
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What is the phenotype of the sons in generation III? How do you know? .
Which of the following is carried out by vesicles?
O Synthesizing proteins
O Facilitated diffusion
Breaking down substances within the cell
Organizing organelles prior to division
Answer:
breaking down substances within the cell
Explanation:
there are many different types of vesicles, Peroxisomes and lysosomes are both types that break down substances in the cell
The correct statement about vesicles is "Breaking down substances within the cell"
Vesicles are an organelle isolated from the cytoplasm by a membrane-like lipid layer.
Its function is to store, move and process products and cellular waste.Endocytosis and exocytosis transports are characterized by the fact that the substances move through vesicles.The vesicles incorporate substances (endocytosis) and through degradation, they expel large particles that cannot cross the plasma membrane, this mechanism is exocytosis.Therefore, we can conclude that the cell incorporates, inside the vesicle, particles from the extracellular environment and also through the vesicles it releases degradation products to the extracellular environment.
Learn more about the vesicles here: https://brainly.com/question/11131709
HELP URGENT!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
dominant trait
Explanation:
Recessive alleles can only show up when there is no dominant allele present to suppress them.
Answer: Dominant traits
Explanation:
Recessive traits only show up when there are no dominant alleles
Extraterrestrial traits are not a thing
Jadon plans on carrying out an experiment involving the burning of steel wool to illustrate the conservation of mass. Steel wool is made of iron. When it is burned it combines with oxygen to form iron(III) oxide.
Which step in his experiment is the most important if he wants his experiment to correctly demonstrate the conservation of mass?
A. The steel wool should be burned inside of a sealed jar or other closed system.
B. The steel wool should be burned over a long period of time (at least two hours).
C. The steel wool should be burned in a room that is at room temperature (20–25°C).
D. The steel wool should be burned in its entirety so that no iron is left in its original state.
Answer:
1) Jadon plans on carrying out an experiment involving the burning of steel wool to illustrate the conservation of mass. Steel wool is made of iron. When it is burned it combines with oxygen to form iron(III) oxide.
Which step in his experiment is the most important if he wants his experiment to correctly demonstrate the conservation of mass?
A.
The steel wool should be burned inside of a sealed jar or other closed system.
Explanation:
The explanation for number 1 is in the link below and the answer is provided also:
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5dee60258f1145001bc02ed5/physical-science-2nd-9-weeks-practice-test-2020
What does the term "feedback inhibition” describe?
Answer:
Feedback inhibition, in enzymology, suppression of the activity of an enzyme, participating in a sequence of reactions by which a substance is synthesized, by a product of that sequence.
Genetic information is stored in which cellular structure?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Chromosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi body
Really need help on this
Clara, while vacationing in Italy, decided to go swimming. When she asked at what temperature the pool was kept, she was told that it had a constant temperature of 35.8°C. What temperature is the pool in °F, to the nearest tenth?
a.
53.6°F
b.
96.4°F
c.
122.0°F
d.
129.1°F
Answer:
96.4
Explanation:
The answer is at the top
When she asked at what temperature the pool was kept, she was told that it had a constant temperature of 35.8°C. The temperature is the pool in °F, to the nearest tenth is 96.4°F. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
The average kinetic energy of all of a substance's particles is used to measure temperature. The average kinetic energy of a substance rises with the speed at which its particles move, increasing its temperature and making it feel warmer.
One of the seven SI base units is the kelvin, which is the thermodynamic temperature unit. Curiously in the SI, we additionally characterize one more unit of constant temperature, called the degree Celsius (°C).
Learn more about temperature:
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Raccoons feed on dead animals. Thus, they are decomposer animals known as?
Answer:
SCAVANGER
Explanation:
Answer:
Raccoons are scavengers
A raccoon is not a decomposer but is an omnivore and scavenger. Raccoons will eat just about anything, including a wide variety of plants
Polydactyly is expressed when an individual has extra fingers and/or toes. Assume that a man with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot marries a woman with a normal number of digits. Having extra digits is caused by a dominant allele. The couple has a son with normal hands and feet, but the couple's second child has extra digits. What is the probability that their next child will have polydactyly
Answer:
The probability of the couple´s next child having polydactyly is 1/2 = 50%
Explanation:
Available data:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached files
Can anyone help me with my homework
Answer:
Explanation: 1. Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles.
2. Organic, Clastic and Chemical Sedimentary Rocks.
3. The formation of coal takes millions of years, which is why it is an exhaustible and non-renewable natural resource.
It was formed around 300 million years ago when the earth was covered with swampy forests.
When plants in these forests- mainly trees, mosses, ferns, and reeds died, they fell into the swamps.
Thus there was a thick layer of dead vegetation in the swamp formed.
4. Clastic rocks are composed of fragments, or clasts, of pre-existing minerals and rock. A clast is a fragment of geological detritus, chunks and smaller grains of rock broken off other rocks by physical weathering.
6.Squeezed and compressed over time, the sediments become 'consolidated' (made solid) into layers of rock. Stratigraphy is the study of those layers Cementation occurs when dissolved mineral components deposit in the interstices of sediments. It is the sticking together of sediment that forms a rock.
7. It is used by marine biota to form a shell frame. Shells of marine animals are rich in carbonate minerals. When the marine animals die, the shells will accumulate and settle in a place so that rocks are formed.
8. This may be due to the overburden load, which is essentially the weight of all the material above the layer of minerals in question squashing them flat. Or it may be due to deformation caused by the movements of tectonic plates which often causes a form of deformation known as shearing where two things slide past each other. When this occurs in ductile rock masses, it acts to flatten and rotate mineral grains so that their long axis is parallel to the shear plane.
Why aren't there many large carnivores?
Answer:
Technically, the largest ever marine predator known thus far - the blue whale - is, for now, alive and well, but I know what you mean. You’re not talking about filter-feeders, or fish-eaters, you mean macropredators.
The last truly enormous macropredator in our oceans was probably Carcharocles megalodon, which went extinct about 3.6 million years ago. Other recent examples include the terrifying sperm whale Livyatan melvillei (which disappeared 8.9 mya) and other megatoothed sharks like C. chubutensis.
So, why did the giants go away? The answer, in truth, is likely multi-faceted. Here are some major promising hypotheses, or at least contributing factors:
Whales have declined. Giant sea carnivores like C. megalodon and Livyatan relied on marine mammals - specifically baleen whales. During the Pliocene, the Americas connected and the Central American Seaway was closed. This seems to have triggered a significant decline in the diversity of tropical whales, and would thus limit food availability for huge, energy-hungry predators.
Things got too cold. The extinction of megalodon and other giant ocean predators roughly coincides with the trend of decreasing temperatures the Pliocene brought. Giant sharks in particular, not being fully warm-blooded, would suffer from this, and it would also mean a decline in food supply. You can even see a sudden cold snap just about when Carcharocles went extinct, 3.6 mya.
Smaller predators outcompeted them. The niche of Carcharocles and the macroraptorial sperm whales is arguably still filled today - by the killer whale. Many orca pods specialize in hunting whales or other marine mammals. However, killer whales and their ancestors were perhaps more opportunistic, fast, intelligent and indeed adaptable than the massive, solitary hunters.
Ironically, the largest ever marine predator owes its existence to the demise of the largest ever marine macropredators. Since the extinction of macroraptorial sperm whales and Carcharocles megalodon, baleen whales have been gradually increasing in size, for they no longer need to be as fast and agile. Because of this, we have the privilege of sharing our world with the largest animal known to have ever lived - the blue whale.
Detection of a light is
coming from a car is
and interpreting the light as
Select one:
a. Sensation perception
b. Consciousness: unconsciousness
e Bods: cons
O d. Energy: gestalt
Answer: d
Explanation:
How old would this fossil be if only 1/128 of C-14 was detected in it?
Answer:
not sure but mark that guy brailest ^
|
why is the structure of dna important to its function
Answer:
The function of DNA is tied to its structure. ... The sugars and phosphates link the nucleotides together to form each strand of DNA. When two strands of DNA come together, base pairs form between the nucleotides of each strand. Nitrogenous bases pair together in the following way: A-T and C-G.
What is the argument against taking persistent vegetative state patients off of life support?
Answer:
An argument could be that there have been many instances where people on life support or in a vegatative state have 'woken' up and gotten better after many years. So, taking someone off life saving machines could be taking away their chance of getting better and their chance of surviving. Since the person is not dead, some may even see it as murder.
Explanation:
umm I tried <3
A piece of alien DNA cannot multiply itself in the progeny cells of the organism because:
a. It has no the sequence called Origin of replication (ori) needed for starting replication.
b. A piece of DNA will be denatured and damaged soon as it has no stability.
c. A piece of DNA is easily unwound and the H bonds between nitrogen bases are broken.
d. Both A & B.
The original source of the matter in food
Answer:
I think your asking what is the original source of the matter in food
Explanation:
if so The Sun is the major source of energy for organisms and the ecosystems of which they are a part.
2. Which part of the nucleotide encodes (holds) the genetic information?
(highlight correct answer)
A. Sugar
B. Phosphate
C. Base
D. Sugar-phosphate backbone
Answer:
C. Base
Explanation:
The bases for DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). The certain sequence gives certain genetic information.
pulled upwards in the trunk of a tall tree Ichestue
S. Give three reasons to explain why transpiration occurs mainly through leaves
6. Explain how sunken stomata lower the rate of transpiration
11
with
ftri
Answer:
Due to stomata.
Explanation:
Transpiration occurs mainly through leaves because of the presence of stomata n the lower side of the leaves. Transpiration refers to the loss of water from the body of plants so leaves has small pores which is used by the plant to regulate internal temperature. Sunken stomata lower the rate of transpiration because it is not directly exposed to the surface which protects the escaping water vapor due to air.
what is the activities of life that occur the cellular level
Answer:
all the digestive activities of life (respiration , digestion, excretion, etc) occur at the cellular level.
Explanation:
-Eijiro <3
Key Concept Name the
main events of the cell cycle.
Explain how an abiotic factor (stronger storms, warmer oceans, or lower ocean pH) can affect populations in a coral reef ecosystem
Answer:
Climate change leads to: A warming ocean: causes thermal stress that contributes to coral bleaching and infectious disease.
Explanation:
Sea level rise: may lead to increases in sedimentation for reefs located near land-based sources of sediment. Sedimentation runoff can lead to the smothering of coral.
The process of meiosis is essential in the sexual reproduction and life cycle of many organisms. The outcome of meiosis is haploid gametes. Which statements correctly describe the importance of meiosis to the life cycle or these organisms?
A) Increasing genetic diversity ensures that no two haploid gametes are exactly the same.
B) Taking a diploid cell to its haploid state occurs during the first cell division of meiosis.
C) Checkpoints during meiosis ensures that chromosome separation occurs accurately, avoiding non-disjunction.
D) DNA synthesis occurs before each cell division in meiosis ensures that the integrity of the chromosomes is maintained.
E) Reducing the number of chromosomes by half during meiosis ensures the chromosome number is maintained during fertilization.
Answer:
E) Reducing the number of chromosomes by half during meiosis ensures the chromosome number is maintained during fertilization.
A) Increasing genetic diversity ensures that no two haploid gametes are exactly the same.
Explanation:
Meiosis is a kind of cell division that strictly occurs in sexually-reproducing organisms. It is the process whereby four daughter cells that are genetically different from their parents are produced. In meiosis, the chromosome number of each daughter cell (gamete) is reduced by half. As highlighted in this question, the meiotic process is essential in the sexual reproduction and life cycle of many organisms.
This importance is attributed to the fact that:
- Reducing the number of chromosomes by half during meiosis ensures the chromosome number is maintained during fertilization. That is, a diploid organism (2n) produces a haploid gamete (n), which becomes diploid again when fertilized by another gamete.
- Increasing genetic diversity ensures that no two haploid gametes are exactly the same. This occurs because of a process called CROSSING OVER, which enables that the alleles of each gamete is recombined to be different from one another in order to promote genetic diversity.
Answer:
A, B, C, E
Explanation:
i just did it
Help please !!!!!! Need the answer asap
Answer:
i think the answer is c
Explanation:
To approximate the actual concentration of enzymes in a bacterial cell, assume that the cell contains equal concentrations of 1,000 different enzymes in solution in the cytosol and that each protein has a molecular weight of 100,000. Assume also that the bacterial cell is a cylinder (diameter 1.0 m, height 2.0 m), that the cytosol (specific gravity 1.20) is 20% soluble protein by weight, and that the soluble protein consists entirely of enzymes. Calculate the average molar concentration of each enzyme in this hypothetical cell.
Answer:
2.4 × 10⁻⁶ M
Explanation:
Molar concentration = no of moles of solute (enzymes)/volume of solvent(cystosol)
Let V = volume of solvent = volume of cystosol = πd²h/4 where d = diameter of cell = 1.0 m and h = height of cell = 2.0 m
Concentration of enzymes, C = n/V where n = no of moles of enzymes
Also, n = m/M where m = mass of all enzymes and M = molecular weight of protein = 100,000
Note that the solvent for the enzymes is cystosol, since they are dissolved in it.
Density of cystosol,ρ = specific gravity of cystosol in g/cm³ = 1.20 g/cm³.
Now, ρ = m'/V where m = mass of cystosol and V = volume of cystosol
m' = ρV
m' = 1.20V
Given that 20 % of the cystosol is protein and all protein are enzymes, the mass of enzymes is thus m = 0.2m' = 0.2 × 1.20V = 0.24V
C = n/V
= m/MV
= 0.24V/100000V
= 2.4 × 10⁻⁶ mol/cm³
= 2.4 × 10⁻³ mol/dm³
= 2.4 × 10⁻³ M
This is the concentration of all the 1000 enzymes.
So, the concentration of one enzyme is 2.4 × 10⁻³/1000 M = 2.4 × 10⁻⁶ M
describe origin and evolution of early vertebrates