Which of the following elements has the smallest value of IE1?
Select the correct answer below:
Na
Mg
Al
Cl

At has a higher initial ionisation energy than Br, while Br has a bigger atomic radius. Se has a bigger atomic radius than Br, and Br has a higher initial ionisation energy than Se.

The most loosely bound electron is further from the nucleus and thus easier to remove in bigger atoms. Hence, the ionisation energy should decrease as size (atomic radius) increases.

This is because the outer electrons aren't bound as strongly because they are farther from the nucleus.

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Answer:

1) b. Caesium

2) b. Indium

Answer:

Transcribed Image Text: Rank the following substances in order of increasing acid strength. (1 as least and 4 as most in acid strength) ✓ H₂Se ✓ HBr HI ✓ AsH3 Expert Solution

Explanation:

HOPE IT HELPS!!

Answer:

[tex]this \: is \: the \: diagram \: of \: the \: formation \: of \: \\ copper \: tetramine \: ion[/tex]

Answer:2.5 g CuSO4⋅5H2O.

Explanation:

You're dealing with copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate,

CuSO

4

⋅

5

H

2

O

, an ionic compound that contains water of crystallization in its structure.

More specifically, you have five moles of water of crystallization for every one mole of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate. This means that you're going to have to account for the mass of this water of crystallization in your calculations.

Now, you need your target solution to have a molarity of

0.10 M

and a volume of

100. mL

. Since molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution, you can say that the target solution must contain

Answer:

sound waves

Explanation:

hope this helps

Under specific temperature and pressure conditions, a gas acts as an ideal gas. Particularly, the optimal conditions for the petrol' behaviour are low pressure and high temperature.

An ideal gas is a hypothetical gas made up of numerous tiny particles moving randomly all the time. Intermolecular forces, molecular size, and volume are all presumptions that apply to ideal gases. Additionally, it is presummated that they collide in completely elastic collisions in which there is no kinetic energy loss. The ideal gas law, PV=nRT, which has P as the pressure, V as the volume, n as the number of moles, R as the gas constant, and T as the temperature, can be used to describe the behaviour of an ideal gas. This law offers a helpful model for how many actual gases behave when exposed to situations like high temperatures and low pressures.

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When the diffracting crystal is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the goniometer setting needed to observe the L1 (n=1) lines for Br at = 8.126 is 2 = 2 x 32.6° = 65.2°.

A goniometer is a tool that can be used to rotate an object to a specific position or measure an angle. The former description more accurately describes orthopedics. Goniometry is the art and science of determining the joint ranges in each plane of the joint.

Using Bragg's Law, we can determine the goniometer setting for seeing the L1 (n=1) lines for Br at = 8.126:

nλ = 2d sinθ

For the Lβ1 (n=1) lines for Br at λ = 8.126Å, we have:

n = 1

λ = 8.126Å

a) d = 4.404 for ethylenediamine d-tartrate.

When we apply the values to Bragg's Law, we obtain:

1 x 8.126Å = 2 x 4.404Å x sinθ

sinθ = (1 x 8.126Å) / (2 x 4.404Å) = 0.923

θ = sin(0.923) = 68.9°

b) d = 7.549 for ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Å

When we apply the values to Bragg's Law, we obtain:

1 x 8.126Å = 2 x 7.549Å x sinθ

sinθ = (1 x 8.126Å) / (2 x 7.549Å) = 0.539

θ = sin(0.539) = 32.6°

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In geologic strontium isotopic analysis by ICP-MS, the use of a collision cell with CH3F helps reduce isobaric interference between 87Rb+ and 87Sr+.

The ability to quantify each element's distinct isotopes makes ICP-MS useful for laboratories looking to compare the ratio of two isotopes of an element or one particular isotope.

Only a few elements cannot be measured by ICP-MS: F and Ne (which cannot be ionized in an argon plasma), Ar, N, and O (which are present at high levels in the plasma and air), and H and He (which are below the mass range of the mass spectrometer).

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Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in the solid phase, meaning that the catalyst is a solid material while the reactants are either in the liquid or gas phase. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It is also known as a "spark plug" because it is the agent that initiates the reaction.

The most frequently used type of catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis is those in the solid phase. Heterogeneous catalysis is a process that involves a catalyst that is in a different phase from the reactants or products. Therefore, the answer to the question above is a catalyst in the solid phase.A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed in the process.

In other words, it increases the rate of a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy needed to start the reaction. The catalytic process involves three stages: adsorption, reaction, and desorption.Heterogeneous catalystsHeterogeneous catalysts are those catalysts that are in a different phase from the reactants or products in a chemical reaction. Heterogeneous catalysis most frequently involves a catalyst in the solid phase, although it can also involve a catalyst in the liquid or gas phase.

Heterogeneous catalysis typically involves a solid catalyst that is in contact with a liquid or gas reactant. A good example of heterogeneous catalysts is when a metal oxide catalyst is used to break down nitrogen oxides in car exhaust gases.

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The equation that is going to show the loss of the third electron from the copper at is;

Cu(s) ----> Cu^3+ + 3e

Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or a positively charged ion in its gaseous state. It is also known as ionization potential or ionization enthalpy.

The ionization energy of an atom varies based on its position in the periodic table, and it generally increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.

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Answer:

0.8 L

Explanation:

The volume of the stock solution needed to make 2.0 L of 0.20M MgSO4 is 0.8 L.

The correct answer is option D, It can affect the AH value.

A phase change is a physical change in a substance in which the substance's state of matter is changed, such as from a gas to a liquid or from a liquid to a solid. It is also known as a phase transition.

Phase changes also involve changes in energy, temperature, and pressure. For example, when a solid melts to become a liquid, it absorbs energy and the temperature rises. When a liquid boils to become a gas, energy is released and the temperature decreases. Similarly, when a gas condenses to become a liquid, energy is released and the pressure increases.

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Taking into account the definition of dilution, if chemist must dilute 93.1 mL of 7.79 of uM aqueous mercury (I) chloride solution until the concentration falls to 3.00 uM, the final volume is 0.24175 L.

Dilution is a procedure by which the concentration of a solution is lowered, usually with the addition of a diluent.

In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume of the solution increases.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of dilution:

7.79 uM× 93.1 mL= 3 uM× Vf

Solving:

(7.79 uM× 93.1 mL)÷ 3 uM= Vf

241.75 mL= 0.24175 L = Vf (being 1000 mL= 1 L)

In summary, the final volume is 0.24175 L.

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Answer:

The compound has 187.5 g. of Carbon

Explanation:

If the 100% of the compound is 250 gr, then you can calculate the 75% of it by multiplying:

Amount of Carbon = (75%) 250 g.

75%= 0.75

250  (0.75)

= 187.5 g.

The specific gravity of the liquid is 1.125.

The specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of its density to the density of water at a particular temperature.

Therefore, we need to calculate the density of the liquid and compare it to the density of water at the same temperature.

The formula for density is:

density = mass/volume

density of the liquid = 45.0 g / 40.0 mL = 1.125 g/mL

At 4 °C, the density of water is 1.000 g/mL.

Therefore, the specific gravity of the liquid is:

specific gravity = density of liquid / density of water = 1.125 g/mL / 1.000 g/mL = 1.125

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Answer:

We can use the equation for the dissociation of a weak acid:

HA + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + A-

The equilibrium constant expression (Ka) is:

Ka = [H3O+][A-]/[HA]

We are given the initial concentration of the acid (0.49 M) and the concentration of the acid at equilibrium (0.36 M). We can use the concentration change to determine the concentration of H3O+ and A- at equilibrium.

Let x be the concentration of H3O+ and A- at equilibrium. Then, at equilibrium, the concentration of HA is (0.49 - x).

We know that the equilibrium concentration of HA is 0.36 M, so we can set up the following equation:

0.36 = 0.49 - x

Solving for x, we get:

x = 0.49 - 0.36 = 0.13 M

Now we can plug in the equilibrium concentrations into the Ka expression:

Ka = [H3O+][A-]/[HA] = (0.13)(0.13)/(0.36) = 0.0481

Rounding to two significant figures, Ka for this acid is 0.048.

The equilibrium constant of an acid's dissociation reaction is known as the acid dissociation constant, or Ka. The strength of an acid in a solution is numerically represented by this equilibrium constant. Here the value of Ka is 0.0481.

The difference between strong and weak acids is determined by the acid dissociation constant (Ka). As Ka rises, the acid dissociates more. Therefore, strong acids must dissociate more in water. On the other hand, a weak acid has a lower propensity to ionise and release a hydrogen ion, resulting in a less acidic solution.

Here the dissociation constant Ka = [H₃O⁺][A⁻]/[HA]

Let x be the concentration of H₃O⁺ and A⁻ at equilibrium. Then, at equilibrium, the concentration of HA is (0.49 - x). We know that the equilibrium concentration of HA is 0.36 M, so we can set up the following equation:

0.36 = 0.49 - x

Solving for x, we get:

x = 0.49 - 0.36 = 0.13 M

Now we can plug in the equilibrium concentrations into the Ka expression:

Ka = [H₃O⁺][A⁻]/[HA] = (0.13)(0.13)/(0.36) = 0.0481

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Answer:

The chemical formula of aluminum sulfate is Al2(SO4)3.

The formula shows that there are 3 atoms of oxygen (O) in each molecule of Al2(SO4)3.

Number of molecules of Al2(SO4)3 = 3.5×1024

Number of O atoms in 1 molecule of Al2(SO4)3 = 3

Number of O atoms in 3.5×1024 molecules of Al2(SO4)3 = (3.5×1024) x 3

= 1.05×1025

Therefore, there are 1.05×1025 moles of O atoms in 3.5×1024 molecules of Al2(SO4)3.

DNA synthesis requires a source of energy, which is provided by ATP. This source of energy is required to drive the formation of the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides.

Solution contains DNA polymerase and the Mg salts of dATP; dGTP: dCTP; and TTP. When added l0 aliquots of the solution, DNA synthesis occurs in the following DNA molecule. The double-stranded linear molecule of IOOD nucleotide pairs with I free 3 ~OH group at each end would lead to DNA synthesis.

The reasons why the DNA molecule you selected would lead to DNA synthesis are given below:

DNA polymerase enzymes add nucleotides only to a 3-OH end of a pre-existing nucleic acid strand, extending the 3' end of the newly forming strand in a 5' to 3' direction. DNA synthesis proceeds only in a 5' to 3' direction. Double-stranded DNA is required for the formation of new double-stranded DNA. When DNA polymerase is bound to a single-stranded template, it will extend a complementary strand in a 5' to 3' direction. Both strands of the double-stranded DNA molecule serve as templates for DNA synthesis because they have the available template strand. Primer with a free 3' OH group is required to begin the synthesis of a new DNA strand.

DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' OH group of the primer. DNA synthesis requires a source of energy, which is provided by ATP. This source of energy is required to drive the formation of the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides.

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The correct IUPAC name for the carboxylic acid having a structural formula of CH3-CC is ethanoic acid, and its common name is propionic acid.

The correct IUPAC name and the common name for a carboxylic acid having a structural formula of CH3-CC is propanoic acid and propionic acid. Carboxylic acid is a group of organic compounds in which a carboxyl functional group (-COOH) is linked to a hydrocarbon chain. In carboxylic acids, the carbon atom of the carboxyl group is sp2 hybridized, with the remaining p orbital on the carbonyl carbon interacting with a neighboring O atom, allowing for the delocalization of the electron pair on the C=O bond. The carboxyl functional group is composed of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group.

The prefix for the group -COOH is carboxy-.The structural formula of CH3-CC:

To determine the IUPAC name and common name of the carboxylic acid with this structural formula, the steps below should be followed:

Propanoic acid is the IUPAC name for CH3-CC carboxylic acid. Propionic acid is the common name for CH3-CC carboxylic acid.

Therefore, the correct IUPAC name and the common name for a carboxylic acid having a structural formula of CH3-CC is propanoic acid and propionic acid.

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45g of H2O is equivalent to 2.497 moles of water.

The molar mass of water (H2O) is 18.015 g/mol.

To calculate the number of molecules in 45g of water, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of water in 45g using the formula:

number of moles = mass / molar mass

number of moles = 45 g / 18.015 g/mol

number of moles = 2.497 mol

Then, we can use Avogadro's number to convert the number of moles to molecules:

number of molecules = number of moles x Avogadro's number

number of molecules = 2.497 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol

number of molecules = 1.505 x 10^24 molecules

Therefore, there are 1.505 x 10^24 molecules in 45g of water.

To calculate the number of moles in 45g of H2O (water), we need to use the molar mass of water, which is 18.015 g/mol.

We can use the formula:

number of moles = mass / molar mass

Substituting the values, we get:

number of moles = 45 g / 18.015 g/mol

number of moles = 2.497 mol (rounded to three significant figures)

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To produce ammonia (NH₃) from thin air, the reactants required are N₂ and H₂. So the correct option is b).

Ammonia is one of the most abundantly produced inorganic chemicals. In 2016, there are a number of large ammonia plants around the world that produced a total of 144 million tons of nitrogen (equivalent to 175 million tons of ammonia). That number will rise to 235 million tonnes of ammonia in 2021. China produced 31.9% of its global production, followed by Russia at 8.7%, India at 7.5% and the United States at 7.1%. More than 80% of the ammonia produced is used as fertilizer for agricultural crops.

Today, most ammonia is produced on a large scale using the Haber process, with capacities of up to 3,300 tons per day. Gases N₂ and H₂ are reacted at a pressure of 200 bar. A typical modern ammonia production plant first converts natural gas, LPG, or petroleum gas into gaseous hydrogen. The process of producing hydrogen from hydrocarbons is known as steam reforming. Hydrogen then combines with nitrogen to produce ammonia by the Haber-Bosch process.

One way to produce green ammonia is to use hydrogen from the electrolysis of water and nitrogen separated from air. These are fed into the Haber Process (aka Haber-Bosch), all of which produce sustainable power.

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The product of the addition of the carbene to the unknown alkene X is a cyclopropane derivative, with the same stereochemistry as the alkene X.

Carbenes are molecules containing a carbon atom with two non-bonding electrons and a triple bond, and can add to alkenes to give a cyclopropane derivative. The alkene (unknown X) that reacts with the carbene to give the following product is shown in the following diagram. Note that the two sp2 carbons on either side of the double bond are stereochemically distinct, with one carbon pointed "up" and the other pointed "down".

When the carbene adds to the double bond, a three-membered ring forms. This three-membered ring adopts a chair conformation, and the alkene stereochemistry is maintained in the product.

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Answer: There are 3019.2 atoms of iron.

Answer:

Explanation:

Iron is a ductile, malleable, silver-white metallic element, scarcely known in a pure condition, but much used in its crude or impure carbon-containing forms for making tools, implements, machinery, etc. Symbol: Fe; atomic weight: 55.847; atomic number: 26; specific gravity 7.86 at 20°C.

1 mol contains [tex]=6.02\times10^{23}[/tex] particles, whether it be atoms, ions, molecules or whatever (Avogadro's number).

So you just divide:

[tex]\frac{2.96\times10^{20}}{6.02\times10^{23}}[/tex] = = 4.9169435215947 × 10^-4

Scientists would research the impacts of marble monuments and acid rain. A chemist. Hoping this is useful.

The correct answer is :C.

Surface sediments are transported and large stones are broken up through wind, water, and ice. Years are often needed for weathering, erosion, and deposition to cause noticeable changes. Nonetheless, certain things change the Planet's surface far more quickly than others. Extreme events, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions are a few of them.

Weathering and erosion caused by water movement change the properties of the terrain. Regional wind patterns and climate are defined by several interactions, including the role of the ocean. The unique physical and chemical properties of water have a profound effect on the planet's dynamics.

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The distillation temperature would be > 80 degrees. The composition of the few drops of the distillate would be: 40℅ benzene and 60℅

Distillation is a technique used to separate the components of a combination made up of two liquids that mix well. The liquid mixture is boiled, evaporated, condensed, and isolated using this technique.

The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid, a pure compound, or a combination equals 1 atm.

We are aware that pure benzene has a boiling point of 80 oC.

Pure toluene has a boiling point of 106 oC.

As benzene has a lower boiling point than toluene, it distills first. Thus, the distillation temperature is greater than 80 oC.

The mixture contains 40 percent benzene and 60 percent toluene by percentage.

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The  atoms of lithium that  are in 18.7 g is 16 × 10²³ atoms . This is taken out by mole concept .

The mole is a unit of measurement similar to the pair, dozen, gross, and so on. It provides a precise count of the atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter. A mole is the amount of substance that contains the same number of discrete entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.)

if 7 grams of lithium contain 6 × 10²³ atoms

then 18.7 will contain 16 × 10²³ atoms

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The enthalpy change of the reaction is 7,227 kJ/mol and the reaction is endothermic.

To calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction using bond enthalpies, we need to find the total energy required to break the bonds in the reactants and the energy released when new bonds are formed in the products.

The enthalpy change of the reaction can be calculated as follows:

Reactants:

1 mole of C2H6O requires breaking 2 C-H bonds and 1 C-O bond.

3 moles of O2 requires breaking 3 O=O bonds.

Products:

2 moles of CO2 releases forming 4 C=O bonds.

3 moles of H2O releases forming 6 O-H bonds.

The bond enthalpies for the relevant bonds are:

The enthalpy change for the reaction is:

(2 × 745 kJ/mol) + (3 × 6 × 467 kJ/mol) - (2 × 413 kJ/mol) - (1 × 358 kJ/mol) - (3 × 495 kJ/mol) = 7,227 kJ/mol

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