o weaken or eliminate a conditioned response, you would present a. the unconditioned stimulus (us) before the conditioned stimulus (cs) several times. b. the cs alone several times. c. the us alone several times. d. extra pairings of the cs and us.

Teens could experience positive changes within friendships due to their renewed focus on academics because they may spend less time in negative peer behaviors, connect with classmates who share similar academic goals and may gain a sense of accomplishment from academic success.

It is not uncommon for teenagers to prioritize their social life over academics. However, if teens make a renewed commitment to focus on their studies, there could be a number of positive changes in their friendships.

These include spending less time engaging in potentially negative peer behaviors, connecting with classmates who share similar academic goals, and experiencing a sense of accomplishment from their academic successes.

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When testing differences between means, the null hypothesis would suggest any observed difference is due to random chance.

What is null hypothesis?

In inferential statistics, the null hypothesis (H0) is a statement that there is no significant difference between a certain population characteristic and the parameter that we are studying. It is the default position. The null hypothesis can be disproven by conducting a statistical hypothesis test.

What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is a statement or idea that is assumed to be true, but it has not been proven yet. In other words, a hypothesis is an assumption that is yet to be tested for its validity. When we form a hypothesis, we create an educated guess based on the available information or prior knowledge. It is then tested by conducting experiments or statistical analyses.

To test a hypothesis, we follow a process called hypothesis testing. We start by stating the null hypothesis and the alternate hypothesis. The null hypothesis suggests that there is no significant difference between two variables, while the alternate hypothesis suggests otherwise. The null hypothesis is tested by calculating the probability of obtaining the observed results by chance.

If the probability is less than a predefined value (usually 0.05), we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternate hypothesis. If the probability is greater than 0.05, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

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It is important to approach this conversation with your brother in a non-judgmental and supportive manner. Instead of lecturing him, you could express your concern for his well-being and encourage him to make healthy choices.

Regarding the effects of alcohol on the brain, research has shown that the brain continues to develop until the mid-20s. During this time, the brain is particularly vulnerable to damage from repeated exposure to alcohol.

Alcohol can affect the brain in several ways. It can interfere with the communication between brain cells, disrupt the balance of chemicals in the brain, and damage the brain's white matter, which is responsible for communication between different regions of the brain.

Repeated exposure to alcohol during adolescence can lead to long-lasting changes in the brain's structure and function. This can impact a variety of cognitive processes, including memory, learning, attention, and decision-making.

Furthermore, binge drinking can increase the risk of accidents, injuries, and other dangerous behaviors that can have lifelong consequences.

In short, your brain is still developing, and alcohol can interfere with that development. Repeated exposure to alcohol during adolescence can cause long-lasting changes to the brain's structure and function, impacting a variety of cognitive processes. Therefore, it's essential to be mindful of the potential consequences of alcohol use and make responsible choices.

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The answer to the question “Although communication is more difficult in multicultural teams, in the long run these teams are likely to display which of the following characteristics?” is “A. Make better decisions and develop better ideas".

Explanation: Communication is a process of exchanging thoughts, feelings, ideas, and information. When there are people from different cultural backgrounds involved, communication can be difficult, and sometimes it may lead to conflicts. However, in the long run, multicultural teams are likely to make better decisions and develop better ideas because they offer diverse perspectives, creative thinking, and innovative ideas.In a multicultural team, individuals bring their different cultural experiences, knowledge, and skills to the table. They can challenge each other's thinking and look at problems from different angles.

This can lead to better decision-making and creative solutions to problems. Moreover, multicultural teams have the potential to be more adaptable to changing environments, as they have already had to overcome cultural differences in their team dynamics. This adaptability is a crucial factor in today's globalized business world.

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In some cases, an individual or business who has been defamed online may be able to compel the internet service provider (ISP) to reveal the identity of the anonymous user who made the defamatory statements.

However, this may depend on the specific laws and regulations in the country or jurisdiction where the incident occurred, as well as the terms of service of the ISP and any relevant legal precedents.

In general, the process of obtaining the identity of an anonymous online user usually involves filing a lawsuit against the anonymous user, and then seeking a subpoena or court order to compel the ISP to disclose the user's identifying information, such as their name, address, or IP address.

However, it's important to note that there are legal and ethical considerations involved in attempting to unmask anonymous online users. For example, some courts have established a legal standard that requires the plaintiff to demonstrate a prima facie case of defamation before the ISP will be compelled to reveal the identity of the user. Additionally, some ISPs may have policies or legal agreements that protect the anonymity of their users, and may require a court order or subpoena before disclosing user information.

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Social control refers to the various methods and strategies for preventing deviant or unacceptable behavior in a society or group, by enforcing and regulating the norms.

Social control can best be described as the techniques and strategies used by individuals, groups, and institutions to promote conformity and prevent deviant behavior in any group or society, ensuring that people adhere to the established norms, values, and expectations of their society.

It is a necessary function in any society to maintain order and stability, and can be exerted through various means, including formal institutions such as the law and informal mechanisms such as peer pressure and socialization.

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The first private prison of the Corrections Corporation of America (or CoreCivic) was opened in Hamilton County, Tennessee.

Private prisons are for-profit prisons that are operated by private corporations rather than government agencies. These private firms, like other businesses, are established to earn a profit. In recent years, the number of private prisons has risen significantly. In the United States, where the private prison system began, private prisons have been established.

Many states in the US have private prisons, while others have entirely outlawed them. Many other nations, including the United Kingdom and Australia, have also established private prisons.

Private prisons were created to save money by lowering the expense of housing and caring for prisoners. Private prison corporations also have contracts with the government to maintain prisoners, allowing the government to avoid building new facilities. Private prisons have been criticized for a variety of reasons, including a lack of transparency, low wages for employees, and an overemphasis on profit-making over prisoner welfare.

Despite the fact that private prisons are often less expensive than public prisons, they are also more likely to have more security issues and inmate deaths.

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Answer:

Discrimination based on HIV status can have significant psychological consequences on younger learners. Here are some of the potential effects:

Stigma and shame: Discrimination based on HIV status can cause individuals to feel stigmatized and ashamed of their condition. This can lead to feelings of isolation and low self-esteem, which can in turn affect their overall mental health.

Anxiety and depression: Discrimination can cause individuals to experience anxiety and depression, as they may worry about being rejected or ostracized by their peers. This can lead to a lack of confidence, difficulty concentrating, and other mental health problems.

Fear of disclosure: Discrimination can create a fear of disclosing one's HIV status to others, which can lead to feelings of secrecy and isolation. This fear can make it difficult for individuals to seek support and care, which can worsen their mental and physical health.

Academic performance: Discrimination based on HIV status can also impact academic performance, as individuals may struggle to focus on their studies and may miss school due to anxiety or illness. This can impact their future opportunities and potential success.

Social isolation: Discrimination can lead to social isolation, as individuals may feel excluded from social events and activities due to their HIV status. This can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression, which can further impact their mental health.

Overall, discrimination based on HIV status can have a significant impact on the psychological well-being of younger learners. It is important to create safe and inclusive environments for individuals living with HIV to reduce the negative consequences of discrimination.

(please could you kindly mark my answer as brainliest)

The statement '' The emphasis of functionalist philosophy is on how individuals affect society as a whole '' is true because it the belief that an object's ability to be classified as a thought, desire, or pain (or any other form of mental state) depends only on its function .

Functionalism emphasises the value of social institutions for maintaining social stability and suggests that significant social change will have a negative impact on society. Conflict theory highlights societal disparity and contends that significant social reform is required to bring about a just society.

According to functionalism, the social structure is to blame for both stability and instability, and it constantly works to maintain social equilibrium among all the different parts of society.

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A manager would not take the step of investigating the psychological (internal) causes of the behaviors when applying behavior modification.

Instead, they would take the following steps: pinpointing specific behaviors, formulating the baseline point for critical behaviors, performing the Reward-Response analysis, and developing a plan for positive, negative, extinction and punishment reinforcements.

The first step is to identify the exact behaviors that need to be modified. Then, the manager will measure the progress of the change by establishing a baseline for the critical behaviors.

After that, the manager can use a Reward-Response analysis to determine the best reinforcement technique for the desired change. Lastly, a plan for the appropriate reinforcements should be developed.

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d. Pardon.A pardon is a declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment for a crime or offense. It is typically issued by a government official, such as a president or governor, and can be granted to individuals who have been convicted of a crime or are facing criminal charges.

A pardon can be granted for various reasons, including to correct a miscarriage of justice, to show mercy or compassion, or to promote reconciliation. It is often seen as an act of clemency or leniency, and can have significant implications for the individual who receives it.

While a pardon does not erase the fact that a crime was committed, it does relieve the individual of legal consequences and punishments. This can include the restoration of certain rights, such as the right to vote or own firearms, and can help to clear an individual's record and reputation.

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The given statement "The strength of the group dynamics of a team depends mostly on how willing leaders are to share authority, responsibility, information, and resources" is true (T) these fosters a sense of trust and collaboration within the team.

This is leading to stronger group dynamics.

Group dynamics is a method of studying the nature of groups, their development, and their interaction with people, other groups, and larger organizations. Group dynamics investigates how groups work together and what factors influence them. Groups are not merely the sum of their parts; the dynamics of a group are determined by the individuals who make up the group and their interactions with one another.

Groups are dynamic since people are dynamic, and the dynamics of a group change as people change their thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors over time. In team-building, the most effective groups have clear goals and objectives, good communication skills, trust and openness among members, active listening skills, and constructive conflict management skills.

Leaders play a critical role in promoting these characteristics, but they must also be willing to share power, responsibility, information, and resources. The leader must be someone who can balance the needs of the team with the needs of the organization.

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In parts of Canada, you will find both English-speaking communities and French-speaking communities. This illustrates that language helps shape the way people perceive the world, and it also helps define culture.

The importance of language is further emphasized in Canadian culture, as the country has two official languages: English and French. Linguistic diversity plays an important role in shaping the cultural landscape of Canada. Language shapes the way people view the world and is essential to the development of a unique identity. For instance, language is an important element in shaping cultural identity. It provides a common bond that ties people together and helps define a sense of community.

The bilingual nature of Canada highlights the importance of language in shaping cultural identity, as it allows different cultures to express themselves in their native language. Languages also reflect the values, beliefs, and customs of a community.

For example, the French-speaking community in Quebec is known for its distinctive culture, which is reflected in its language, cuisine, and traditions. Language is also a tool for communication, and it is essential for exchanging ideas and information. In addition, language is an important aspect of the cultural heritage of a community.

It is a means of preserving cultural traditions and values for future generations. Language also shapes the way people perceive the world. It is a reflection of a culture's worldview and provides insight into the cultural and historical context of a community.

For example, the English language has words that reflect the values and customs of British culture, such as "tea time" and "gentleman." Similarly, the French language has words that reflect the values and customs of French culture, such as "joie de vivre" and "cuisine."

In conclusion, language is an essential part of culture and shapes the way people view the world. It reflects the values, beliefs, and customs of a community and is a tool for communication. Linguistic diversity is an important aspect of cultural identity, and it is essential for preserving cultural heritage for future generations.

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The competition between natural responses and the responses required by the experimenter sometimes leads to the development of behaviors that interfere with an animal making an instrumental response. The development of these behaviors is called stimulus control or Interference stimulus control.

Behavioral interference is a term used to describe how an animal's naturally occurring behavior can get in the way of its ability to carry out an instrumental response.

This is especially true if the response required by the experimenter is incompatible with the animal's natural response. In such situations, there is a conflict between the experimenter's demands and the animal's natural instincts. This conflict is referred to as stimulus control or interference stimulus control.

When an animal is trained to make a particular response in a particular situation, it has been shown that other responses to that same stimulus may interfere with the learned response. The term "stimulus control" refers to the ability of an animal to make an instrumental response when the appropriate stimulus is present.

When natural responses interfere with the learned response, this is referred to as "interference stimulus control." Therefore, competition between natural responses and experimenter-required responses can lead to the development of behaviors that interfere with an animal making an instrumental response.

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Jem is growing up and changing, and he is trying to live up to the idea of being a gentleman. The idea of being a gentleman means several things.

A gentleman is a man who behaves with dignity, politeness, and good manners towards others, particularly women. Here are some of the characteristics that define a gentleman: A gentleman is always respectful of others, regardless of their race, religion, or social class. Courteous: A gentleman is always courteous, meaning he is polite and respectful to everyone he meets.

He always shows kindness and generosity to others, and he always puts other people's needs ahead of his own. Well-dressed: A gentleman always takes care of his appearance. He is always well-groomed and well-dressed. He pays attention to his attire, hygiene, and grooming, so he always looks his best. Honest: A gentleman is always honest in his dealings with others.

He always tells the truth and never cheats or lies, even if it means he must suffer the consequences. A gentleman is always reliable and trustworthy. Educated: A gentleman values education and intellectual growth. He reads books, learns new things, and educates himself on the world around him. He is knowledgeable and well-spoken, but he never uses his education to belittle others. Kind: A gentleman is always kind to others.

He is sensitive to the needs of others and is always willing to help. He is selfless and never selfish, and he always puts other people's needs before his own.Sophisticated: A gentleman is sophisticated and refined. He is well-versed in the arts, literature, music, and other cultural pursuits. He appreciates the finer things in life and has a cultured taste.

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Answer: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism

Explanation:

The TCI (Teachers' Curriculum Institute) answer for the 4 major causes of WWI are:

Militarism: The belief that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.

Alliances: Formal agreements or treaties between nations to cooperate in matters of defense and foreign policy.

Imperialism: The policy of extending a nation's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means of economic or political domination.

Nationalism: A strong sense of loyalty and devotion to one's country or nation, often resulting in a desire for national independence or expansion.

Reading a document from right to left is recommended when proofreading because it can help to identify mistakes that were missed while reading it left to right.

This is because our eyes typically pick up on patterns and miss details when they are looking at something they are familiar with. When you read the document from right to left, you can force your eyes to look at it differently, thereby allowing you to pick up on mistakes that may have been missed the first time.

Additionally, when reading from right to left, you are less likely to get distracted by the content of the document since it will appear unfamiliar to you. Reading from right to left can also be beneficial because it helps to ensure that each sentence is read in full and that each word is correctly spelled. This allows the reader to pay more attention to the structure and flow of the document and make sure that it reads smoothly and is free from any errors.

Finally, reading from right to left allows the reader to look for any inconsistencies in the document’s content, such as whether or not the information provided is accurate and up to date. By doing this, they can be sure that the document is reliable and of high quality.

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To create social stability, deviance serves its purpose as a behavior that people should stay away from. It acts as a boundary marker, establishing what behavior is socially acceptable and what is unacceptable. This helps to foster a division among different groups. By setting rules and standards for behavior, society can create social stability and maintain order.

What is Deviance?

Deviance refers to any action, behavior, or character trait that violates social norms or is deemed inappropriate by society. This implies that deviance varies depending on cultural and societal norms. When individuals violate social norms, they risk being labelled as deviant.

Deviance helps in the maintenance of social stability by reinforcing society's expectations and values. Deviant behavior signals that something is amiss and must be addressed. Deviance can be beneficial in that it promotes unity and conformity within a society, but it can also be harmful because it can stigmatize individuals who engage in non-normative behavior. As a result, the consequences of deviance are a mixed bag.

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According to Schaie's research, the cross-sectional approach shows a decline in inductive reasoning with age; while the longitudinal approach shows a maintenance of inductive reasoning in middle adulthood.

Schaie's research was one of the first attempts to research aging systematically. The research sought to test the idea that intelligence deteriorates with age. Schaie's Seattle Longitudinal Study was one of the first large-scale longitudinal studies on intelligence in adults.

The cross-sectional approach is a method of research that compares data from various groups of individuals who vary in age but are examined at the same time.

The longitudinal approach is a method of research in which data is gathered from the same group of individuals repeatedly over time.

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Two social science principles that affect our lifestyle in comparison to the areas of increased longevity are: Social Capital - It can be broken down into two types: bonding social capital and bridging social capital.

Bonding social capital is the connections between individuals of similar backgrounds and identities. It provides social support and a sense of belonging. Bridging social capital is the connections between individuals of different backgrounds and identities.

It fosters cooperation and understanding. In our day-to-day life, we can cultivate social capital by joining clubs, volunteering, or attending events. This can help us build relationships and support systems that can improve our overall well-being and longevity.

Social Determinants of Health - This principle recognizes that social, economic, and environmental factors contribute to health outcomes. These factors include income, education, access to healthcare, housing, and environment.

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The type of study that involves a group of children with measles and a group of children without measles, and parents of the children are asked whether their child received a measles vaccine at any point in the past is an Observational study.

What is an observational study?

An observational study is a research method in which a researcher observes and records the activities or events of subjects, without manipulating the subjects in any way. The study involves observing individuals without any intervention, hence is non-experimental and the variables cannot be manipulated by the researcher. The variables are rather measured as they are.

Therefore, an observational study is also called an epidemiological study since it is used to study the distribution and causes of health conditions in a population. In the question, the researcher has just observed and recorded the presence of measles in some children and absence in others. The researcher also observed whether these children received a measles vaccine in the past.

The researcher then compares the two groups to see if receiving the measles vaccine could have played a role in the presence or absence of measles.

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Answer:

Narendra Modi

Explanation:

pls mrk me brainliest

Answer:

Narendra Modi

Explanation:

"While taking a test, you inadvertently drop your pencil, so you reach down, pick it up, and put it back on the desk. This voluntary action involved motor signals that were communicated out to your muscles via the somatic nervous system."

The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary actions like picking up a dropped pencil. This system includes motor neurons that transmit signals from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles, which then carry out the intended movement.

In this situation, your brain detected the need to retrieve the pencil and sent signals via motor neurons to the muscles of your arm and hand, resulting in the movement required to pick up the pencil. This process is controlled consciously and deliberately by the somatic nervous system, which is responsible for movements we choose to make.

On the other hand, the autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions like breathing and heart rate. The somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system work together to control movement and maintain bodily functions.

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One true statement about community policing is that it involves a proactive approach to law enforcement that emphasizes collaboration and communication .

A theory and approach known as "community policing" puts an emphasis on cooperation and communication between law enforcement and the communities they serve.Building trusting connections between police officers and residents of the community is the aim of community policing.Together, police officers and neighbourhood residents may pinpoint and resolve concerns relating to public safety, stop crime, and enhance neighbourhood life in general.Police officers are frequently assigned to certain neighbourhoods or beats as part of community policing in order to build stronger relationships with locals and business owners.Community police officers may take part in local activities, host educational seminars, and collaborate with neighbourhood organisations to solve community issues in addition to their regular law enforcement responsibilities.

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"When a family from a non-English speaking country moves to the United States and wants their children to speak only English", this scenario is an example of language shift or linguistic assimilation.

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A form of therapy called counterconditioning tries to switch out an unfavourable response to a stimuli for one that is more preferable. As in the case of someone who fears dogs.

a Carl Rogers-developed humanistic therapy in which the therapist fosters clients' progress by using methods like active listening in a sincere, welcoming, and compassionate setting.

The field of application for both classical and operant conditioning is expanded by observational learning. Observational learning is the practise of seeing others and subsequently replicating their actions, in contrast to classical and operant conditioning, where learning only happens through direct experience.

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A personally or socially preferable mode of conduct or state of existence that tends to persist over time is called a social belief. Thus, the correct option will be A.

A social belief is a belief that a society holds about the acceptable and unacceptable actions, thoughts, and feelings of individuals. It encompasses a wide range of concepts and principles, including morality, religion, politics, and law. Social beliefs are important because they govern the way people interact with one another and with the world around them.

For instance, the social belief that "honesty is the best policy" encourages people to be truthful in their dealings with others, while the social belief that "it's better to ask for forgiveness than permission" can encourage individuals to be less honest and more self-serving.

Therefore, the correct option will be A, social belief.

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The statement which is true is "not all colleges have an ASL program, even if the state recognizes ASL as a language". ASL is a language predominantly used in USA. The correct option is option 2.

American Sign Language (ASL) is a natural language that is used predominantly in the United States of America and Canada by the deaf community. This language has its own syntax, morphology, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics, much like any other language.

"Not all colleges have an ASL program, even if the state recognizes ASL as a language". As of 2016, all 50 states have passed legislation recognizing ASL as a language, however, not all colleges have an ASL program at the college level in the US.

At the time this book was written, ASL was behind Spanish, French, and German as the most-taught language.

Therefore, the correct option is 2.

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Sap business objects, business intelligence platform administrator guide is called SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform or SAP BOBI Platform on Azure.

Sap business objects, business intelligence platform administrator guide is called SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform or SAP BOBI Platform on Azure.

The purpose of this guide is to provide guidelines for planning, deploying, and configuring , also known as SAP BOBI Platform on Azure. This guide is intended to cover common Azure services and features that are relevant for SAP BOBI Platform. This guide isn't an exhaustive list of all possible configuration options. It covers solutions common to typical deployment scenarios.

This guide isn't intended to replace the standard SAP BOBI Platform installation and administration guides, operating system, or any database documentation.

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The Iran-Contra Affair was a political scandal that occurred during the Reagan administration in the 1980s.

It involved the sale of weapons to Iran, despite an arms embargo, in exchange for hostages held by Iranian-backed groups in Lebanon. The proceeds from these sales were then used to fund the Contras, a right-wing paramilitary group in Nicaragua that was fighting against the socialist Sandinista government. The affair was widely criticized for violating US laws and foreign policy, and several members of the Reagan administration were investigated and indicted as a result. The affair also highlighted the complex and often contradictory foreign policy goals of the United States in the Cold War era, as well as the dangers of secretive and illegal actions by government officials.

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