Answer and Explanation:
1. The computation of the total expected dollar sales for next period is given below:
Sales $4,410,000
Less: variable cost $1,764,000
Contribution margin $2,646,000
Less: fixed cost $2,364,000
Pre tax income $282,000
2. The number of units that should be sold is
= $2,646,000 ÷ $63 per unit
= 42,000 units
In this way it should be calculated
Ayala Architects incorporated as licensed architects on April 1, 2017. During the first month of the operation of the business, these events and transactions occurred:
Apr. 1 Stockholders invested $18,270 cash in exchange for common stock of the corporation.
1 Hired a secretary-receptionist at a salary of $381 per week, payable monthly.
2 Paid office rent for the month $914.
3 Purchased architectural supplies on account from Burmingham Company $1,320.
10 Completed blueprints on a carport and billed client $1,929 for services.
11 Received $711 cash advance from M. Jason to design a new home.
20 Received $2,842 cash for services completed and delivered to S. Melvin.
30 Paid secretary-receptionist for the month $1,524.
30 Paid $305 to Burmingham Company for accounts payable due.
Required:
Journalize the transaction.
Answer:
Ayala Architects
General Journal
April 1
Debit : Cash $18,270
Credit : Common Stock $18,270
April 1
Debit : Salaries expense ($381 x 4) $1,524
Credit : Salaries Payable $1,524
April 2
Debit : Rent expense $914
Credit : Cash $914
April 3
Debit : Supplies $1,320
Credit : Accounts Payable - Burmingham Company $1,320
April 10
Debit : Accounts Receivable $1,929
Credit : Service Revenue $1,929
April 11
Debit : Cash $711
Credit : Deferred Revenue
April 20
Debit : Cash $2,842
Credit : Service Revenue $2,842
April 30
Debit : Salaries expense $1,524
Credit : Cash $1,524
April 30
Debit : Accounts Payable - Burmingham Company $305
Credit : Cash $305
Explanation:
Journal entry for the transactions have been prepared above.
Kramer and Knox began a partnership by investing $58,000 and $65,000, respectively. During its first year, the partnership earned $160,000. Prepare calculations showing how the $160,000 income should be allocated to the partners under each of the following three separate plans for sharing income and loss:(1) The partners failed to agree on a method to share income.(2) The partners agreed to share income and loss in proportion to their initial investments. (Do not round intermediate calculations.(3) The partners agreed to share income by granting a $56,500 per year salary allowance to Kramer, a $46,500 per year salary allowance to Knox, 12% interest on their initial capital investments.
Answer and Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
1. At the time when the partner failed to share the incom and loss so it is assume that the net income i.e. $160,000 should be shared equally so for both it is $80,000 each
2. When the income is shared as per their initial investment
Particulars Kramer Knox Total
Investment $58,000 $65,000 $123,000
Investment ratio 47.15% 52.85%
$160,000 income share $75,440 $84,560 $160,000
3. Sharing of the income as per the defined rule
Particulars Kramer Knox Total
Salary allocated $56,500 $46,500 $103,000
Interest at 12% $6,960 $7,800 $14,760
Remaining balance $21,120 $21,120 $42,240
Total $84,580 $75,420 $160,000
why is keystone so bad
Answer:
Keystone XL would be bad for wildlife, especially endangered species. Also without Keystone XL, the same amount of bitumen will be produced and the U.S. will still get all of it through the other pipeline projects. Keystone is not needed!
Explanation:
On January 1, Power House Co. prepaid the annual rent of $19,000. Journalize this transaction.
Answer:
Date Account titles and explanation Debit Credit
Jan 1 Prepaid rent $19,000
Cash $19,000
(To record the prepaid the annual rent of $19,000)
4. Suppose that a baseball player signs a five-year contract for $1 million per year. In the third year of the contract, the player hits more home runs than anyone else in the league. Now he demands to renegotiate his salary. Does efficiency require the law to enforce the original contract or set it aside
Answer:
hla nsooue do p
Explanation:
nospr que
The efficiency require the law to enforce the original contract or set it aside of the modified with to apply all the conditions and the terms in the contract. As the continued of the maturity of the time period. The both parties are the accepted, they are the signed of the contract.
What is contract?
An agreement between two or more people to do something is referred to as a contract. Two or more parties must agree to the terms of the agreement in order to create a legally binding commitment. A contract was the deal with the two parties are the agreed to the terms and the conditions.
There are all the parties are the contract to modifies the contract are included the terms and the conditions as the applicable was the both parties are agreed. The contract must be accepted and the singed. The contract was the based to the both parties mutual understanding. The both the parties are not agreed are there was they not approved the legal contract.
Learn more about on contract, here:
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Halogen Laminated Products Company began business on January 1, 2021. During January, the following transactions occurred:
Jan.
1 Issued common stock in exchange for $115,000 cash.
2 Purchased inventory on account for $30,000 (the perpetual inventory system is used).
4 Paid an insurance company $1,800 for a one-year insurance policy. Prepaid insurance was debited for the entire amount.
10 Sold merchandise on account for $11,500. The cost of the merchandise was $6,500.
15 Borrowed $25,000 from a local bank and signed a note. Principal and interest at 10% is to be repaid in six months.
20 Paid employees $5,500 salaries for the first half of the month.
22 Sold merchandise for $9,500 cash. The cost of the merchandise was $5,500.
24 Paid $14,500 to suppliers for the merchandise purchased on January 2.
26 Collected $5,750 on account from customers.
28 Paid $1,000 to the local utility company for January gas and electricity.
30 Paid $3,500 rent for the building. $1,750 was for January rent, and $1,750 for February rent. Prepaid rent and rent expense were debited for their appropriate amounts.
Required:
a. Prepare general journal entries to record each transaction.
b. Post the transactions into the appropriate T-accounts.
c. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance as of January 30, 2021.
Answer:
Cash (Dr.) $115,000
Common Stock (Cr.) $115,000
Purchases - Inventory (Dr.) $30,000
Accounts Payable (Cr.) $30,000
Prepaid Insurance (Dr.) $1,800
Cash (Cr.) $1,800
Accounts receivable (Dr.) $11,500
Sales Revenue (Cr.) $11,500
Cash (Dr.) $25,000
Notes Payable (Cr.) $25,000
Salaries Expense (Dr.) $5,500
Cash (Cr.) $5,500
Cash (Dr.) $9,500
Sales Revenue (Cr.) $9,500
Accounts Payable (Dr.) $14,500
Cash (Cr.) $14,500
Cash (Dr.) $5,750
Accounts Receivable (Cr.) $5,750
Utility Expense (Dr.) $1,000
Cash (Cr.) $1,000
Rent Expense (Dr.) $1,750
Prepaid Rent (Dr.) $1,750
Cash (Cr.) $3,500
Explanation:
Trial Balance :
Debits :
Cash $128,950
Accounts Receivable $5,750
Inventory $18,000
Prepaid Rent $1,750
Prepaid Insurance $1,800
Salaries Expense $5,500
Cost of Goods Sold $12,000
Rent Expense $1,750
Utilities Expense $1,000
Total : $176,500
Credits:
Accounts Payable $15,500
Notes Payable $25,000
Revenue $21,000
Common Stock $115,000
Total : $176,500
The Williams Supply Company sells for $50 one product that it purchases for $20. Budgeted sales in total dollars for the year are $3,000,000. The sales information needed for preparing the July budget follows:
Month Sales Revenue
May $175,000
June 240,000
July 295,000
August 320,000
Account balances at July 1 include these:
Cash $125,000
Merchandise inventory 47,200
Accounts receivable (sales) 84,530
Accounts payable (purchases) 47,200
The company pays for one-half of its purchases in the month of purchase and the remainder in the following month. End-of-month inventory must be 40% of the budgeted sales in units for the next month. A 2% cash discount on sales is allowed if payment is made during the month of sale. Experience indicates that 60% of the billings will be collected during the month of sale, 25% in the following month, 12% in the second following month, and 3% will be uncollectible. Total budgeted selling and administrative expenses (excluding bad debts) for the fiscal year are estimated at $1,200,000, of which three-fourths is fixed expense (inclusive of a $36,000 annual depreciation charge). Fixed expenses are incurred evenly during the year. The other selling and administrative expenses vary with sales. Expenses are paid during the month incurred.
Required:
a. Prepare a schedule of estimated cash collections for July.
b. Prepare a schedule of estimated July cash payments for purchases.
c. Prepare schedules of July selling and administrative expenses, separately identifying those requiring cash disbursements.
d. Prepare a schedule of cash receipts over disbursements assuming no equipment purchases or loan payments.
Answer:
The Williams Supply Company
a. Estimated Cash Collections for July
58% sales month (60% -2%) $171,100 ($295,000 * 58%) July
25% ffg month 60,000 ($240,000 * 25%) June
12% second month 21,000 ($175,000 * 12%) May
Estimated cash collections = $252,100
b. Estimated July Cash Payments for Purchases:
July
Cost of purchases $122,000
50% purchase month 61,000
50% ffg month 47,200
Total payment for purchases $108,200
c. July Selling and Administrative Expenses:
Monthly fixed expenses $72,000
Variable expenses ($5 * 5,900) 29,500
Total selling and admin expenses $101,500
d. Cash Receipts Over Disbursements for July:
Beginning cash balance $125,000
Total cash receipts 252,100
Total cash available $377,100
Cash Disbursements:
Purchases $108,200
Selling and Admin. 101,500
Total cash disbursements $209,700
Cash balance $167,400
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Selling price of product = $50 per unit
Purchase cost of product = $20 per unit
Total budgeted sales for the year = $3,000,000
Total budgeted sales for the year (units) = 60,000 units
Month Sales Revenue Unit Sales
May $175,000 3,500 ($175,000/$50)
June 240,000 4,800 ($240,000/$50)
July 295,000 5,900 ($295,000/$50)
August 320,000 6,400 ($320,000/$50)
July 1 Account Balances:
Cash = $125,000
Merchandise inventory = $47,200
Accounts receivable (sales) = $84,530
Accounts payable (purchases) = $47,200
Payment of Purchases:
50% purchase month
50% ffg month
Cash collections from sales:
58% sales month (60% -2%)
25% ffg month
12% second month
Ending inventory = 40% of the budgeted sales in units in the next month
Total budgeted selling and administrative expenses (excluding bad debts) = $1,200,000
Fixed expense = $864,000 ($1,200,000 * 3/4) - $36,000
Monthly fixed expenses = $72,000 ($864,000/12)
Variable selling expenses = $300,000 ($1,200,000 - $900,000)
Variable selling expenses per unit = $5 ($300,000/60,000)
Purchases Budget
June July
Ending inventory 2,360 2,560
Sales 4,800 5,900
Units available for sale 7,160 8,460
Beginning inventory 1,920 2,360
Purchases 5,240 6,100
Cost of purchases $104,800 $122,000 (6,100 * $20)
Phân tích việc Chính phủ sử dụng chính sách tài khóa tác động như thế nào đến nền kinh tế trong đại dịch
Answer: Chính phủ sẽ can thiệp bằng cách dùng gói cứu trợ và nới lỏng thuế cho cá nhân, hộ gia đình, và các doanh nghiệp
Explanation: gói cứu trợ cho hộ gia đình, các kinh doanh nhỏ, vừa và cả lớn để kích thích nền kinh tế, tăng tổng nguồn cung của đất nước đó. Mặt khác, các cá nhân, hộ gia đình cũng sẽ tăng nhu cầu khi được cứu trợ thêm lương và các khoản chi tiêu khác, giúp nền kinh tế hoạt động trở lại trong đại dịch. Bên cạnh đó, các thuế cũng được giảm xuống để thu hút cá nhân, doanh nghiệp, và các ngành công nghiệp khác đầu tư vào nguồn nhân lực, cơ sở hạ tầng, cũng từ đó tạo thêm được nhiều việc làm cho nhiều công nhân. Chính Phủ cũng có thể đầu tư số tiền vào các dịch vụ công như là xây dựng đường xá, cầu vượt, giúp tăng thêm việc làm và nguồn thu nhập cho người dân, dẫn đến việc hiệu ứng nhân đôi kép. Tất cả những việc này sẽ giúp cho nền kinh tế của một quốc gia hồi phục nền kinh tế bằng sự can thiệp của Chính Phủ và nới lỏng thuế.
Compute cost of goods sold using the following information :
Finished goods inventory , beginning $780
Cost of goods manufactured 4560
Finished goods inventory , ending 850
Required:
Prepare the schedule of cost of goods manufactured for Barton Company.
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
Computation of cost of goods sold
Finished goods inventory : Beginning
$780
Add:
Cost of goods manufactured
$4,560
Finished goods available for sale
$5,340
Less :
Finished goods inventory : ending
($850)
Cost of goods sold
$4,490
Therefore, the cost of goods sold is $4,490
An investigator planning to study behavioral changes during alcohol intoxication will pay subjects $600 for 6 hours of testing that includes drinking a moderate level of alcohol and completing several written questionnaires. He plans to recruit college students taking his courses, as well as economically disadvantaged and homeless people. Which of the following is the most important for the investigator to address before submitting the protocol to the IRB?
a. Potential undue influence or coercion of subjects
b. Method of payment to subjects
c. Forms of advertising for subject recruitment
d. Literacy of homeless subjects
Answer:
Potential undue influence or coercion of subjects
Explanation:
In research, offering to pay participant can can in a huge way influence a research the subject's decision making in consenting to the research. Without payment, the said subject may decide to participate or not. researchers do often recruit subjects without offering payments, with volunteer subjects participating completely for altruistic rewards ot free will. sometimes research projects do offer remuneration to thd subjects so as to compensate them for their time, inconvenience, discomfort etc. So as to attract a good numbers of subjects.
Coercion
This occurs as a result of overt threat of harm. This is done intentionally by one person to another in order to get compliance to whatever they may say.
Undue influence
This simply occurs also due to throughout offer of an excessive, unwarranted, inappropriate or improper reward so as to get the needed compliance.
On January 1, Year 1, Frost Co. entered into a 2-year lease agreement with Ananz Co. to lease a new computer. The lease term begins on January 1, Year 1, and ends on December 31, Year 2. The lease agreement requires Frost to pay Ananz two annual lease payments of $8,000. The present value of the minimum lease payments is $13,000. Which of the following circumstances would require Frost to classify and account for the arrangement as a finance lease?
a. Frost does not have the option of purchasing the computers at the end of the lease term.
b. The fair value of the computers on January 1, year 1 is $14,000.
c. The economic life of the computers is three years.
d. Ownership of the computers remains with Ananz throughout the lease term and after the lease ends.
Answer:
Frost (Lessee) and Ananz (Lessor)
The circumstance that would require Frost to classify and account for the arrangement as a finance lease is:
c. The economic life of the computers is three years.
Explanation:
a) Data:
Annual lease payments = $8,000
Present value of the minimum lease payments = $13,000
Fair value of the computer = $14,000
The economic life of the computers = 3 years
The lease period = 2 years
b) One of the conditions for classifying the lease arrangement as a finance lease is that the lease term of 2 years forms a significant part of the asset's useful life of 3 years. Other conditions include:
Firstly, ownership of the asset is transferred to the lessee at the end of the lease term. The second condition is that the lessee can purchase the asset below its fair value.
Given below is a list of costs associated with making a pair of Nike shoes. Some of these costs would be classified as product costs and some as period costs. Use the schedule below to indicate which costs would be product and which would be period. Production Materials $ 9.00/ Factory rent 1.00/ Factory machine maintenance 0.60/ Administrative costs 0.75 /Factory utilities 0.40/ Production labor 2.75/ Duties on shipments out 3.00 /Factory maintenance workers 0.70 /Shipping costs for materials 0.50/ Labor supervision 0.30 Total $19.00.
Answer:
Product Costs
Product costs are those that are incurred due to the production process. This will therefore include costs related to Direct labor, direct materials and factory overheads.
They include:
Production Materials Factory rent Factory machine maintenanceFactory utilities Production laborFactory maintenance workersShipping costs for materials Labor supervisionTheir total is therefore:
= 9 + 1 + 0.6 + 0.4 + 2.75 + 0.7 + 0.50 + 0.30
= $15.25
Period Costs
Period costs are those costs that aren't related to production but are incurred in a given period:
They include:
Administrative costs Duties on shipments outTotal is:
= 0.75 + 3.00
= $3.75
Equipment acquired at the beginning of the year at a cost of $30,800 has an estimated residual value of $2,800 and an estimated useful life of four years. Determine the following: (a) The depreciable cost $fill in the blank 1 (b) The straight-line rate fill in the blank 2 % (c) The annual straight-line depreciation $fill in the blank 3
Answer:
$28000
25%
$7000
Explanation:
Depreciable cost = cost of the asset - residual value
$30,800 - $2800 = $28,000
The straight-line rate = annual depreciation expense / Depreciable cost
7000 / 28,000 x 100 = 25%
Straight line depreciation expense = (Cost of asset - Salvage value) / useful life
$28,000 / 4 = $7000
The following labor standards have been established for a particular product:
Standard labor hours per unit of output 4.4 hours
Standard labor rate $16.70 per hour
The following data pertain to operations concerning the product for the last month:
Actual hours worked 5,200 hours
Actual total labor cost $87,360
Actual output 1,100 units
Required:
a. What is the labor rate variance for the month?
b. What is the labor efficiency variance for the month?
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
a. Labor rate variance for the month
= (SR - AR) × AH
= ($16.70 - ($87,360/5,200 hours)) × 5,200
= ($16.70 - $16.8) × 5,200
= $520 Unfavourable
b. Labor efficiency variance
= (SH - AH) × AR
(4.4 × 1,100) - 5,200) × $16.70
= (4,840 - 5,200) × $16.70
= $6,012 Unfavourable
Fleming Sign Company uses the allowance method in accounting for uncollectible accounts. Past experience indicates that 6% of accounts receivable will eventually be uncollectible. Selected account balances at December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2018, appear below:
12/31/14 12/31/15
Net Credit Sales $400,000 $500,000
Accounts Receivable 60,000 80,000
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 5,200 ?
Record the following events in 2015.
Aug. 10 Determined that the account of Sue King for $800 is uncollectible.
Sept. 12 Determined that the account of Tom Young for $3,700 is uncollectible.
Oct. 10 Received a check for $500 as payment on account from Sue King, whose account had previously been written off as uncollectible. She indicated the remainder of her account would be paid in November.
Nov. 15 Received a check for $300 from Sue King as payment on her account.
Answer:
a) Aug. 10
Dr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $800
Cr Accounts Receivable—Sue King $800
Sept. 12
Dr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $3,700
Cr Account Receiveble- Tom young $3,700
Oct. 10
Dr Accounts Receivable— Sue King $800
Cr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $800
Dr Cash $500
Cr Accounts Receivable— Sue King $500
(To record collection on account)
Nov. 15 Cash $300
Cr Accounts Receivable— Sue King $300
(b) Dec. 31
Dr Bad Debt Expense $30,000
Cr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $30,000
(c) $38,900
Explanation:
a) Preparation of the journal entry
Aug. 10
Dr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $800
Cr Accounts Receivable—Sue King $800
(To write off Sue King account)
Sept. 12
Dr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $3,700
Cr Account Receiveble- Tom young $3,700
(To write off Tom Young account)
Oct. 10
Dr Accounts Receivable— Sue King $800
Cr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $800
(To reinstate Sue King account previously written off)
Dr Cash $500
Cr Accounts Receivable— Sue King $500
(To record collection on account)
Nov. 15 Cash $300
Cr Accounts Receivable— Sue King $300
(To record collection on account)
(b) Preparation of the adjusting journal entry to record the bad debt provision for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Dec. 31
Dr Bad Debt Expense $30,000
($500,000 ×6%)
Cr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $30,000
(To record estimate of uncollectible accounts)
(c) Calculation to determine the balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at December 31, 2015
Balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at December 31, 2015= ($5,200 – $800 – $3,700 + $800 + $30,000)
Balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at December 31, 2015=$38,900
Therefore the balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at December 31, 2015 is $38,900
Please help I don’t understand
Retained earnings, December 31, 2019 $210,300
Decrease in total liabilities during 2019 45,800
Gain on the sale of buildings during 2019 16,100
Dividends declared and paid in 2019 4,500
Proceeds from sale of common stock in 2019 49,400
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2019 22,600
Required:
From the above data, calculate the retained earnings balance as of December 31, 2015.
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
Given the above information,
Retained earnings balance as of December 31, 2015
Ending retained earnings = Beginning retained earnings + Net income for year ended - Dividends declared and paid in 2019
$210,300 = Beginning retained earnings + $22,600 - $4,500
Beginning retained earnings = $192,200
Therefore, retained earnings balance as of 31 December 2015 is $192,200
You are planning to save for retirement over the next 30 years. To save for retirement, you will invest $800 per month in a stock account in real dollars and $400 per month in a bond account in real dollars. The effective annual return of the stock account is expected to be 11 percent, and the bond account will earn 7 percent. When you retire, you will combine your money into an account with an effective return of 9 percent. The returns are stated in nominal terms. The inflation rate over this period is expected to be 4 percent.
How much can you withdraw each month from your account in real terms assuming a 25-year withdrawal period? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
What is the nominal dollar amount of your last withdrawal? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Answer:
Amount that can be withdrawn each month:
$6,342.06
Nominal dollar amount of last withdrawal:
$54,835.61
Explanation:
These look to be the correct answers, let me know if you would like for me to show my work!
trên cơ sở lý thuyết nhóm hãy chọn một công ty hiện kinh doanh tại thị trường việt nam, dòng sản phẩm tiêu dùng, phân tích thực trạng:
- chiến lược điều chỉnh giá của công ty
- chiên lược chủ động thay đổi giá
Answer:
es la coma estate should be your answer
You must evaluate the purchase of a proposed spectrometer for the R&D department. The base price is $160,000, and it would cost another $40,000 to modify the equipment for special use by the firm. The equipment falls into the MACRS 3-year class and would be sold after 3 years for $80,000. The applicable depreciation rates are 33%, 45%, 15%, and 7%. The equipment would require a $7,000 increase in net operating working capital (spare parts inventory). The project would have no effect on revenues, but it should save the firm $52,000 per year in before-tax labor costs. The firm's marginal federal-plus-state tax rate is 40%.
Required:
a. What is the initial investment outlay for the spectrometer, that is, what is the Year 0 project cash flow?
b. What are the project's annual cash flows in Years 1, 2, and 3?
Answer:
a.
$207,000
b.
Year 1: $57,600
Year 2: $67,200
Year 3: $30,000
Explanation:
a.
Calculate the initial outlay of the project at year 0 as follow
Initial Outlay = Base Price + Modification cost + Working Capital requirement
Initial Outlay = $160,000 + $40,000 + $7,000
Initial Outlay = $207,000
b.
The working for the calculation of the cash flow is attached with this answer, please refer to the attached file.
Johanna wants to be able to set up specific roles for the 15 different users in her company, including providing access to her CPA, outsourced CFO, and an outside integration specialist and ProAdvisor.
Answer: QuickBooks Online Advanced
Explanation:
QuickBooks Online Advanced helps in the creation of invoice 37% faster, with the use of batch invoicing. With a few clicks, multiple checks, invoices or bills can be sent. It's also vital in making batch transactions easier even when workload increases.
Since Johanna wants to be able to set up specific roles for the 15 different users in her company, including providing access to her CPA, outsourced CFO, and an outside integration specialist and ProAdvisor, the QuickBooks Online Advanced will be recommended.
phân tích các thành phần trong hệ sinh thái khởi nghiệp
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
Cho e hỏi các vấn đề của chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm trong kinh doanh ẩm thực và cách khắc phục ạ
Mong mọi người giúp đỡ e ạ
Answer: Dưới nhu cầu thưởng thức các loại thực phẩm đa dạng, tươi ngon vào bất kỳ thời điểm nào trong năm, chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm đã phải mở rộng hơn nhiều về mặt địa lý và buộc phải thông qua nhiều nhà cung cấp hơn. Điều này đã làm cho nghiệp vụ quản lý chuỗi cung ứng ngành thực phẩm trở nên cồng kềnh và phức tạp hơn bao giờ hết. Các nhà sản xuất, nhà phân phối hay các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ logistics theo đó cũng phải chịu những áp lực không nhỏ để đưa các sản phẩm thực phẩm ra thị trường một cách nhanh chóng, an toàn và trong điều kiện tốt nhất có thể. Một chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm điển hình bao gồm sáu giai đoạn:
1. Tìm nguồn cung cấp nguyên liệu thô
2. Sản xuất
3. Chế biến và đóng gói
4. Lưu trữ
5. Phân phối bán buôn
6.Phân phối bán lẻ
Explanation:
1. Bên cạnh đó mọi vấn đề liên quan đến giá trị sản xuất đều gặp những khó khăn nhất định, một trong những vấn đề mà mọi doanh nghiệp hay cá nhân tham gia vào chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm đều phải lo ngại về vấn đề ( Tìm nguồn cung cấp nguyên liệu thô). Vấn đề truy xuất và đảm bảo nguồn thực phẩm sạch là vấn đề cần cân nhắc đầu tiên, đi đôi đó là phải đảm bảo phù hợp với mô hình kinh doanh của doanh nghiệp, phù hợp với điều kiện kinh tế.
May mắn thay chúng ta đang sống ở thời đại 4.0 việc truy xuất nguồn gốc nguyên liệu đã không còn nhiều thách thách bởi việc áp dụng công nghệ vào việc truy xuất nguyên liệu rất dễ dàng ví dụ thông qua mã code, mã QR... bằng vài một thao tác đơn giản cũng có thể truy xuất nguồn gốc nguyên liệu nhanh, hiệu quả, tiết kiết chi phí đi lại xác minh. Vấn đề thứ hai là đảm bảo nguồn nguyên liệu thô được xử lý an toàn đã và đang ngày càng không còn là thách thức. Bởi việc ứng dụng công nghệ vào xử lý nguyên liệu thô vừa nhanh chóng, chính xác hiệu quả, ví dụ ngay từ khâu thu hoạch nguyên liệu thô các may móc đã hỗ trợ giúp đảm bảo nguồn nguyên liệu đầu vào đều và chính xác. Các khâu gieo trồng hay xử lý cũng được giúp ngắn và khoa học nhờ có ứng dụng công nghệ, khoa học. Nhưng đi bên cạnh là chi phí cao để đảm bảo chất lượng.
Bên cạnh đó việc xây dựng một mạng lưới về chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm trong kinh doanh là một việc vô cùng quan trọng, quyết định sự phát triển của cả doanh nghiệp. Mặc dù là một loại công nghệ vẫn chưa được sử dụng rộng rãi trong ngành công nghiệp thực phẩm, nhưng blockchain được nhiều lãnh đạo coi là một công nghệ đầy hứa hẹn cho phép truy xuất nguồn gốc trong chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm.
Công nghệ blockchain là một nền tảng số chung, nơi người dùng có thể lưu trữ và chia sẻ thông tin qua một mạng lưới tổng. Hệ thống này cho phép người dùng xem tất cả các giao dịch cùng một thời điểm trong thời gian thực. Một trong những lợi thế chính của blockchain là một khi thông tin được thêm vào hệ thống, thông tin đó sẽ được phân phối nội bộ trong mạng lưới và được lưu trữ cố định trong đó vĩnh viễn. Thông tin do vậy sẽ không thể bị tấn công, thao túng hoặc bị hư hại bởi bất kỳ cách nào.
2. Tiếp đó là thách thức chi phí vận hành chuỗi cung ứng tăng cao
Điều hành một chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm sẽ tiêu tốn nhiều loại chi phí, một số chi phí quan trọng bao gồm: Chi phí điện và nhiên liệu, Chi phí logistics, vận chuyển hàng hóa , Chi phí nhân công , Chi phí đầu tư vào công nghệ mới
Những chi phí này rất đáng kể, do vậy, việc theo dõi chi phí hoạt động thường xuyên là một thách thức cho các doanh nghiệp ngành thực phẩm.
Cho nên giải pháp hữu hiệu nhất đó là Bước đầu tiên để kiểm soát chi phí là phải hiểu rõ các loại chi phí hiện có trong hoạt động doanh nghiệp. Trong các chuỗi cung ứng đơn giản, điều này có thể được thực hiện bằng các công cụ bảng tính. Nhưng ở nếu chuỗi cung ứng ngày càng trở nên phức tạp, doanh nghiệp sẽ cần một giải pháp công nghệ. Doanh nghiệp nên nâng cấp công nghệ của mình, những công việc như gửi tệp bảng tính qua email hay gọi điện báo tin cần được loại bỏ.
Một lưu ý khác là nếu các lãnh đạo quá quan tâm đến việc tiết kiệm chi phí thì tính hiệu quả và sự phát triển lâu dài của doanh nghiệp có thể bị kìm hãm. Một giải pháp công nghệ “đắt tiền”, ví dụ đó là đẩy mạnh mảng truyền trông marketing sản phảm, xâm nhập thị trường khôn ngoan bằng công nghệ mới, mặt hàng mới tác dụng mới, có thể mang lại lợi tức đầu tư đáng kể và tiết kiệm rất nhiều loại chi phí về lâu dài. Từ đó, doanh nghiệp vận hành hiệu quả và trở nên hấp dẫn hơn trong mắt các khách hàng.
Trên đây là những vấn đề cơ bản mà mình nghĩ sẽ giúp ích cho bạn từ kinh nghiệp của bản thân cũng như những kinh nghiệm mà mình học hỏi được. Mong rằng sẽ giúp ích cho bạn. Mình chỉ muốn khuyên là hãy trở thành nhà đầu tư, kinh doanh khôn ngoan, sáng tạo.
Courington Detailing's cost formula for its materials and supplies is $1,920 per month plus $11 per vehicle. For the month of August, the company planned for activity of 87 vehicles, but the actual level of activity was 52 vehicles. The actual materials and supplies for the month was $2,130. The materials and supplies in the flexible budget for August would be closest to:_________.
a. $2,130
b. $1,627
c. $2,877
d. $2,492
A flexible expense and a periodic expense are basically the same thing. True or false
the answer of the question is true
Jarett Motors is trying to decide whether it should keep its existing car washing machine or purchase a new one that has technological advantages (which translate into cost savings) over the existing machine. Information on each machine follows: Old machine New machine Original cost $9,000 $20,000 Accumulated depreciation 5,000 0 Annual cash operating costs 9,000 4,000 Current salvage value of old machine 2,000 Salvage value in 10 years 500 1,000 Remaining life 10 yrs 10 yrs Refer to Jarett Motors. The $4,000 of annual operating costs that are common to both the old and the new machine are an example of a(n):________ a. opportunity cost b. irrelevant cost c. future avoidable cost d. sunk cost
Answer:
The correct option is b. irrelevant cost.
Explanation:
An irrelevant cost can be described as an expense that will not be affected by the decisions of thee management. Therefore, irrelevant costs are those that will not change if you choose one option over another in the future.
Therefore, the $4,000 of annual operating costs that are common to both the old and the new machine are an example of irrelevant cost. This is because the 4,000 of annual operating costs will not be affected or will still be incurred whether Jarett Motors managment decide to keep its existing car washing machine or purchase a new one.
Therefore, the correct option is b. irrelevant cost.
FedEx Corporation (FDX) had the following revenue and expense account balances (in millions) for a recent year ending May 31:
Depreciation Expense $985
Fuel Expense 3,438
Maintenance and Repairs Expense 1,675
Other Expense (Income) Net 5,319
Provision for Income Taxes 857
Purchased Transportation 1,281
Rentals and Landing Fees 1,862
Revenues 26,300
Salaries and Employee Benefits 9,387
Prepare an income statement.
Answer and Explanation:
The preparation of the income statement is presented below:
Revenue $26,300
Expenses:
Depreciation expense $985
Fuel expense $3,438
Maintenance and repairs expense $1,675
Other expense(income) net $5,319
Provision for Income taxes $857
Purchased Transportation $1,281
Rentals and Landing fees $1,862
Salaries and Employee benefits $9,387
Net income $1,496
SKM Innovations, Inc., anticipates producing 40,000 units and incurring the following manufacturing costs for the coming year: raw material, $35 per unit; direct labor, $50 per unit; manufacturing overhead, $1,200,000 + $40 per unit. Using absorption costing, the unit cost for the coming year will be:_______.
a. $85
b. $125
c. $90
d. $155
Answer:
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According to the SKM Innovations, Inc., the absorption costing, the unit cost for the coming year will be $ 155. The correct option is (d).
What do you mean by the absorption costing?A managerial accounting technique known as "absorption costing," also known as "full costing," is used to record all expenses related to producing a specific product.
This strategy accounts for both direct and indirect costs, including direct materials, direct labor, rent, and insurance.
You can use the accounting technique of absorption costing to record all of the production expenses related to the creation of a single unit of goods.
Here,
Calculation of absorption costing per unit cost:
ADD -
Direct material = $ 35
Direct labor = $ 50
Variable manufacturing overhead = $ 40
Fixed manufacturing overhead = 1200000 / 40000 = $ 30
Absorption costing per unit cost = $ 155
Therefore, according to the SKM Innovations, Inc., the absorption costing, the unit cost for the coming year will be $ 155.
To know more about the Absorption costing, visit:
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Kemp Manufacturing set 70,000 direct labor hours as the annual capacity measure for computing its predetermined variable overhead rate. At that level, budgeted variable overhead costs are $315,000. Kemp will apply budgeted fixed overhead of $140,400 on the basis of 3,900 budgeted machine hours for the year. Both machine hours and fixed overhead costs are expected to be incurred evenly each month. During March 2013, Kemp incurred 5,900 direct labor hours and 300 machine hours. Actual variable and fixed overhead were $26,325 and $11,400, respectively. The standard times allowed for March production were 5,980 direct labor hours and 290 machine hours.
Required:
a. Using the four-variance approach, determine the overhead variances for March 2013.
b. Prepare all journal entries related to overhead for Kemp Manufacturing for March 2013.
Answer:
Kemp Manufacturing
a. Four-variance approach to determine overhead variances for March 2013:
i. Variable overhead spending variance
= (Actual hours worked × Actual variable overhead rate) – (Actual hours worked × Standard variable overhead rate)
= $225 F ($26,325 - $26,550)
ii. Variable overhead efficiency variance
= (standard hours allowed for production – actual hours taken) × standard overhead absorption rate per hour
= $360 F (5,980 - 5,900) * $4.5
iii. Fixed overhead spending variance = actual fixed overhead cost - budgeted fixed overhead cost
= $600 U ($11,400 - $10,800)
iv. Fixed overhead production volume variance = budgeted fixed overhead - applied fixed overhead costs
= $360 U ($10,440 - $10,800)
b. Journal Entries:
Manufacturing Overheads:
Debit Manufacturing Overhead $26,325
Debit Overapplied Variable Overhead 225
Credit Manufacturing Overhead Applied $26,550
To record variable overhead costs.
Debit Manufacturing Overhead $11,400
Credit Manufacturing Overhead Applied $10,800
Credit Underapplied Fixed Overhead $600
To record fixed overhead costs.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Annual Capacity:
Direct labor hours = 70,000
Budgeted variable overhead costs = $315,000
Standard variable overhead rate = $4.50 ($315,000/70,000)
Fixed overhead = $140,400
Budgeted machine hours for the year = 3,900
Standard fixed overhead rate = $36 ($140,400/3,900)
March 2013:
Actual direct labor hours = 5,900
Machine hours = 300
Actual variable overhead = $26,325
Actual variable overhead rate per DLH = $4.462 ($26,325/5,900)
Actual fixed overhead = $11,400
Actual fixed overhead rate = $38 ($11,400/300)
Standard machine hours = 290
Standard direct labor hours = 5,980
Cox Engineering performs cement core tests in its laboratory. The following standards have been set for each core test performed: Std. Hours or Quantity Std. Price or Rate Direct materials 3 pounds $0.75 per pound Direct labor 0.4 hours $12 per hour During March the laboratory performed 2,000 core tests. The following events occurred during March: 8,600 pounds of sand were purchased at a cost of $7,310. 7,200 pounds of sand were used for core tests. 840 actual direct labor hours were worked at a cost of $8,610. The direct material usage variance for March is:
Answer:
1200 U
Explanation:
Standard of material usage:
Material required 3 pounds per test
2000 core tests performed
Standard usage : 2,000 test * 3 pound per test = 6000 pounds
Actual usage of material = 7,200
Variance = 1,200 unfavorable.