Neutral theory proposes that
A) molecular clocks are more reliable when the surrounding pH is close to 7.0.
B) most mutations of highly conserved DNA sequences should have no functional effect.
C) DNA is less susceptible to mutation when it codes for amino acid sequences whose side groups (or R groups) have a neutral pH.
D) DNA is less susceptible to mutation when it codes for amino acid sequences whose side groups (or R groups) have a neutral electrical charge.
E) a significant proportion of mutations are not acted upon by natural selection.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The correct answer is E) a significant proportion of mutations are not acted upon by natural selection.

Explanation:

The neutral theory, proposed by Motoo Kimura in 1968, proposes that part of the molecular variability produced by mutations that exists in populations is natural variability, that is, a large part of the genetic variation observed in populations is due to random fluctuation of genetic variants that are neutral, on which natural selection hardly acts, so they are not an evolutionary force since they do not contribute predominantly to natural selection and proposes genetic drift as an evolutionary mechanism.


Related Questions

Which is a method that scientist used to determine the composition of earths layers

Answers

Answer:

Scientists use waves to study the different layers of the earth. Usually, they use seismic waves, which are waves generated by earthquakes or nuclear-test explosions. The seismic waves are bent, sped up, or slowed down, or even reflected when they pass through the earth's layers.

Explanation: GOOD LUCK

Scientists use waves to study the different layers of the earth. Usually, they use seismic waves, which are waves generated by earthquakes or nuclear-test explosions. The seismic waves are bent, sped up, or slowed down, or even reflected when they pass through the earth's layers

The bacteria chromosome is

Answers

one long, single molecule of double stranded, helical, supercoiled DNA. In most bacteria, the two ends of the double-stranded DNA covalently bond together to form both a physical and genetic circle
In most bacteria, the two ends of the double-stranded DNA covalently bond together to form both a physical and genetic circle.

describe Human Trafficking​

Answers

Explanation:

Introduction  Human trafficking is a group of crimes involving the exploitation of men, women and children for financial gains which is violation of fundamental human rights  Human trafficking is the 3rd largest international crime  Over one million people trafficked annually  Millions of men, women and children are victims of human trafficking  Human trafficking is a part of the larger problem of slavery

 human trafficking is when people are transported, by force or deception, to become enslaved  Traffickers use blackmail, abuse, and threats to force victims to comply with their wishes in the destination country  Usually caused by poverty/lack of economic opportunities, especially for women and children, and a demand for certain services in the destination country

"A passive smoker will experience the similar effect as an active smoker" Do you agree with the opinion? Justify.​

Answers

No. Because the passive smoker doesn’t inhale.

Compare how the human body breathes in and out. Describe what happens to the ribcage, the diaphragm and chest volume. (6 marks) In this question you get marks for how well your answer is written. You will get marks for: spelling grammar  organising your ideas and information clearly using key scientific words.


Will give brainiest for best organised detailed answer. :)

Answers

•When we breathe in our rib cage swing upwards and outwards, diaphragm contracts and flattens, the expand and air is drawn in. The thorax also increases.
•When we breathe out our rib cage swing inwards and downwards, diaphragm relaxes and arches up, lungs become smaller and air is drawn out. The thorax size also decreases.
• During inhaling the concentration of oxygen is more
• During exhaling the concentration of carbon dioxide is more.

Los gatos tienen muchas opciones para comer como ratones, peces, cucarachas, etc. Por ejemplo: Planta -> Ave -> Gato -> ??? ¡¿Quién mata al gato para comérselo?! POR FAVOR ESPARA UN PROYECTO DEL ORIGEN DEL GATO

Answers

Answer:

Pumas, lobos y coyotes, águilas, serpientes, halcones, búhos y perros.

Explicación:

Pumas, lobos y coyotes, águilas, serpientes, halcones, búhos y perros son los animales que matan al gato y se alimentan de ellos. Estos organismos son los depredadores de los gatos y dependen del gato y de algunas otras especies para cumplir con su requerimiento de alimento. Algunos animales matan directamente al gato a través de sus dientes fuertes, mientras que otros matan al gato a través del veneno que está presente en su boca.

what is the shark's babies called?
please help me. ​

Answers

Answer:

A baby shark is referred to as a pup.

To my knowledge It is called a pup

Will give brainiest for the best detailed answer. Thanks a lot :)

Answers

WHAT HAPPENS TO OUR BODIES WHEN WE EXERCISE?

What is happening to her circulatory system?

When you exercise, or play football in this case, you are working your muscles and certain places in the body. When this happens, your muscles respire (burn the FOOD to produce ENERGY) more faster than they would normally, so the demand for OXYGEN and GLUCOSE is increased.

As the muscles are performing cellular RESPIRATION quicker than the norm, they need oxygen and glucose to reach them faster (glucose and oxygen are the components for cellular respiration), and also they need to get rid of their CO2 (products of cellular respiration are CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER) so the HEART is now pumping blood around the body at a faster rate in order to provide these cells with what they need. To summarize, the circulatory system has to work harder and faster during exercise to provide the cells at work with glucose and oxygen and to get rid of the waste carbon dioxide.

What is happening to her breathing system?

{Relates to explanation given} The requirement for oxygen is increased so now the respiratory system (in particular the LUNGS) have to work harder and faster to take in more oxygen and to exhale more CO2, thus you begin to breathe faster. To summarize, oxygen is inhaled quicker and carbon dioxide is exhaled quicker, therefore the rate of DIFFUSION is increased.

Diagram:

Draw picture of a girl playing football and then in the nest picture of her lungs and heart, you can also include arteries and the veins. Show how the lung and the heart work more harder during the exercise or when playing any sports

hope this helps.....

have a great day ahead :)

What factor can decrease the rate of a chemical reaction

Answers

Explanation:

The reaction rate decreases with a decrease in temperature.

Catalysts can lower the activation energy and increase the reaction rate without being consumed in the reaction.

Differences in the inherent structures of reactants can lead to differences in reaction rates.

Decrease in temperature

describe the effect of increasing the light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in pelargonium with green leaves​

Answers

Increased light intensity, more energy for photosynthesis, more light dependent reactions occur

WILL GIVE BRAINLIST PLEASE HELPPPP
What is the difference between 1 unit of magnitude on the Richter scale?
100 times stronger
1000 times stronger
10 times stronger
1 times stronger

Answers

Answer:

10 times stronger

Explanation:

GIVE them BRAINLIST

One difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is that cellular respiration:​

Answers

The main difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is that photosynthesis is an anabolic process, where the synthesis of organic compounds occurs, storing energy whereas cellular respiration is a catabolic process, where the stored organic compounds are utilized, producing energy.

Define the word Codon
Thank you!

Answers

Explanation:

a sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.

Answer:

Condon is a city in, and the seat of, Gilliam County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. The population was 682 at the 2010 census. The city, with an historic main street along Oregon Route 19, is a farming and ranching community.

A codon is a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis. DNA and RNA molecules are written in a language of four nucleotides; meanwhile, the language of proteins includes 20 amino acids.

The second one is most likely to be correct

Hope this helps :> <3

OC (5) How do you know that the gas produced during fermentation is carbon dioxide (2)​

Answers

Explanation:

everything can be found in the picture

EX: Polymerization and the breakdown of a polymer are two opposite reactions. What role does a water molecule play in both of them?

Answers

Answer:

A water molecule is released during polymerization, which helps in the formation of a bond, and it is added during the break down of a polymer, which helps in breaking the bond.

measurement plays an important role in our daily life.​

Answers

Answer:

Yes,measurement plays an important role in our daily life because we do various activities like export import selling and buying in our day to day life. These activities are impossible without measurement.

#(Please mark as brainliest (: )

Answer:

1. It makes buying and selling goods easier.

2. It helps to get the accurate amount of physical quantities.

3. It is important to perform experiments in a science laboratory.

4. It is important in laboratories for getting proper amount of medicines.

5. It is important in construction of roads, buildings, bridges, etc.

PLEASE HELP ME I NEED ASAP.
Complete the following table on the different types of microscopes.

Answers

Answer:

A compound light microscope is a microscope with more than one lens and its own light source. In this type of microscope, there are ocular lenses in the binocular eyepieces and objective lenses in a rotating nosepiece closer to the specimen.

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) produces images by scanning the sample with a high-energy beam of electrons. As the electrons interact with the sample, they produce secondary electrons, backscattered electrons, and characteristic X-rays.

Explanation:

What is ballistochory?

Answers

Answer:

Ballistochory. So it is called when the seeds are forcefully or explosively spread. The aim is to "throw" the seed from the parent plant as far as possible.

Explanation:

This is what is known by the violent and explosive dispersal of the seeds. The aim is to "throw" the seed from the parent plant as far as possible. (This works because the wind resistance is not high for seeds.)

Answer:

the dispersal of seeds by force

Explanation:

In the _________________________were the absorption of nutrients takes place, the enzyme ___________________hydrolyses ___________________ into _________________________

A. small intestine -lipase-lipid-fatty acid and glycerol

B. mouth-salivary amylase-lipid-amino acid

C. small intestine-lipase-protein-amino acid

Answers

Answer:

A)

Explanation:

In the small intestine where the Absorption of nutrients takes place, the enzyme lipase hydrolyses lipid into fatty acid and glycerol

how are haploid gametes formed through meiosis​

Answers

Gametes are an organism's reproductive cells. During meiosis, a diploid parent cell, which has two copies of each chromosome, undergoes one round of DNA replication followed by two separate cycles of nuclear division to produce four haploid cells.

Many factors affect rigor mortis, such as the type of clothing the person was wearing. Experts from different sciences agree that the definition of death is the end of life. Blowflies are one of the first insects to arrive at a dead body and are very useful in determining the time of death. Livor mortis refers to the color of a dead body. The only two manners of death are natural death and homicidal death. Mechanism of death describes what has occured in the body to cause death. The presence of drugs in a corpse cannot be determined by a chemical analysis of larvae found feeding on the body. In the first 12 hours, a dead body cools about 1 degree F per hour. Within minutes of a death, certain insects are attracted by the smell of the first stages of decomposition. The Body Farm is a fictional account of the work of a country coroner.

Answers

Answer:

- Many factors affect rigor mortis, such as the type of clothing the person was wearing. True

- Experts from different sciences agree that the definition of death is the end of life. True

- Blowflies are one of the first insects to arrive at a dead body and are very useful in determining the time of death. True

- Livor mortis refers to the color of a dead body. True

- The only two manners of death are natural death and homicidal death. False

- Mechanism of death describes what has occured in the body to cause death. True

- The presence of drugs in a corpse cannot be determined by a chemical analysis of larvae found feeding on the body. True

- In the first 12 hours, a dead body cools about 1 degree F per hour. False

- Within minutes of a death, certain insects are attracted by the smell of the first stages of decomposition. True

- The Body Farm is a fictional account of the work of a country coroner. False

Explanation:

Death refers to the permanent cessation of the biological activities in an organism as a whole. Rigor mortis refers to a recognizable sign of death, which is caused by different changes in the muscles after death. Blowflies are insects that can be attracted by the smell of dead and decomposing bodies because they need to identify warm-moist and protein-rich sources to develop their eggs. Livor mortis is the red/blue/purple discoloration in the body skin after death. The manners of death can be divided into 1-accidental, 2-natural, 3-suicidal, 4-homicidal, and 5-undetermined. The mechanisms of death refer to the specific physiological derangements that can lead to the cessation of life (e.g., a heart attack), whose understanding can be essential to elucidate a criminal case. The presence of drugs in a dead body can be determined by an autopsy. The rate at which a dead body cooling depends on the relationship between the body temperature and environmental temperature (e.g, elevated body temperatures and cool environmental conditions are known to increase this value). A body farm can be defined as a research facility where the decomposition of dead bodies can be examined.

Why do you think that Darwin's principle of natural selection was important and how did it relate to future ideas of biological evolution.

Answers

Explanation:

everything can be found in the picture

Through this process of natural selection, favorable traits are transmitted through generations.

Natural selection can lead to speciation, where one species gives rise to a new and distinctly different species. It is one of the processes that drives evolution and helps to explain the diversity of life on Earth.

What is speciation?Speciation, the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution. The species evolve by genetic modification.

To know more about evolution here

https://brainly.com/question/13492988

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(b) Explain clearly how the circulatory system and the respiratory system in the human body work together. ​

Answers

Answer:

The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate blood and oxygen throughout the body. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the pulmonary arteries and veins that connect to the heart.

Explanation:

Hope this is helpful.

ALGUIEN ME PUEDE AYUDAR ?

Answers

Hope this helps. Please mark me brainliest . Sorry for wrong answer

Answer:

2) 5 precipitation

3) 4 runoff

4) 2 condensation

5) 3 evaporation

what is Up-regulation

Answers

Answer:

The process by which a cell increases its response to a substance or signal from outside the cell to carry out a specific function.

I Hope this will help you if not so sorry :)

In the biological context of organisms' production of gene products, downregulation is the process by which a cell decreases the quantity of a cellular component, such as RNA or protein, in response to an external stimulus. The complementary process that involves increases of such components is called upregulation.

( I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST IF YOU GET IT RIGHT!!!!!)
Are sea sponges closer in relationship to humans, boxwood shrubs, paramecium, or moss? Explain using evidence to support your claim.​

Answers

Answer:

Humans

Explanation:

A new research now suggests that possibly the entire animal kingdom, including humans, shares important genetic mechanisms with sea sponges. Now published in the journal Science, the discovery has been made by a team of scientists led by Dr. Emily Wong from the Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and UNSW Sydney.

What will happen if deforestation continues to destroy the green plants on the
planet?
A. The excess CO2 in the atmosphere will increase global warming.
B. The excess CO2 will be absorbed into the ocean.
C. The remaining plants will cycle all the air.
D. The remaining plants will increase their rate of photosynthesis.

Answers

Answer:

A. The excess CO2 in the atmosphere will increase global warming.

Explanation:

Without enough trees here to process Co2 global warming will increase

Someone please help what goes with what


1. An atomic particle with a negative charge

2. An atomic particle with a positive charge

3. An atomic particle with no charge or neutral

Answers

Yellow is a proton
Blue is a neutron
Red is an electron

Answer:

yellow is a proton

blue is a neutron

orange is an electron

Explanation:

The neutrons and protons are in the center of the atom, and the electrons circle around the center.

“Dear Basketball" by Kobe Bryant Analysis
+
Kobe says that basketball "asked for his hustle", but he "gave his heart because it came with so much
more". What could his heart give to the game of basketball that his hustle could not?

Answers

Answer:

He describes basketball as asking him for his “hustle.” Instead, he gave the sport his heart. The speaker worked hard because he wanted to do the game justice. He wanted to show his love for the sport because that's “what you do / When someone makes you feel as / Alive” as basketball made him feel.

Which event happens first when you get a splinter?
A. The white blood cells produce antibodies.
B. The damaged tissue releases chemical messengers.
O C. The white blood cells eat pathogens near the wound.
D. The damaged tissue swells and becomes painful.

Answers

Answer:

I believe it is B. The damaged tissue releases chemical messengers

Explanation:

This is because the chemicals of the so-called complement system start drilling holes into bacterial cell walls. Macrophages, big eater cells, devour any invaders they meet. This is to prevent furthur infection!

Other Questions
A cell has an emf of 1.5 V and an internal resistance of 0.65 Q. The cell is connected to a resistor R. [0[8].[4] State what is meant by an emf of 1.5 V. [2 marks] I [0] 8]-[2] The current in the circuit is 0.31 A. Show that the total power output of the cell is approximately 0.47 W. [1 mark] [o[s).[3] Calcutate the energy dissipated per second in resistor R. [2 marks] energy dissipated per second = Ist [o[si.[4] The cell stores 14 kJ of energy when it is fully charged. The cell's emf and internal resistance are constant as the cell f discharged. Calculate the maximum time during which the fully-charged cell can deliver energy to resistor R. [2 marks) maximum time = 5 Gatorade has the conductivity of 3296 S, Powerade has 4502 S, and Vitamin Water is 657 S. 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Read the final verse.From The Wild Swans at CooleBut now they drift on the still water,Mysterious, beautiful;Among what rushes will they build,By what lakes edge or poolDelight mens eyes when I awake some dayTo find they have flown away?The speaker says he will awake some day / To find they have flown away? What might this flight represent for him?A.loss of the swansB.loss of youthC.loss of the seasonsD.loss of hope The bond order denotes:_____.1. the order of filling of bonding vs. antibonding orbitals. 2. the pattern in which Lewis dot structures of atoms combine to form bonds. 3. the order that orbitals are filled in electron configurations. 4. an estimate of the polarity or dipole moment of a bond. 5. an estimate of the strength of a bond. If one dog eats 5 pounds of food each week, how many dogs will 65 pounds of food feed for a week A block whose weight is 45.8 N rests on a horizontal table. A horizontal force of 36.6 N is applied to the block. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction are 0.697 and 0.371, respectively. Will the block move under the influence of the force, and, if so, what will be the block's acceleration? If the block does not move, give 0 m/s2 as the acceleration? Solve the system of equations.y = 3xy = x2 - 10A. (2,6) and (5, 15)B. (2,6) and (-5, -15)C. (-2,-6) and (-5, -15)D. (-2,-6) and (5, 15) Brett finds out that he won't have enough money to pay rent this month. He starts feelings stressed out and starts having an anxiety attack. He tells himself to breathe and takes a long shower to take his mind off of his anxiety level. This type of coping style is called:_____. a. Problem-focused coping b. Emotional relief c. Emotion-focused coping d. Temperament focused problem solving e. None of the above g The downtime per day for a computing facility has mean 4 hours and standard deviation 0.9 hour. What assumptions must be true to use the result of the central limit theorem to obtain a valid approximation for probabilities about the average daily downtime Louise begins factoring the polynomial, which has four terms. 8x3+24x2+10x+30 2(4x3+12x2+5x+15) 2[4x2(x+3)+5(x+3)] Which is the completely factored form of her polynomial? 8x2(x + 3)2 2x(4x2 + 5) 2(4x2 + 5) (x + 3) 2(4x2 + 5) (x + 3)2 Which excerpt from "Initiation correctly matches with the implied resolution of the story?There really was no doubt now that she would get in; This is the climax implying that Millicent will accept the invitation."It won't be any different with us, Tracy," Millicent had told her; This is the rising action implying that the two girls will remain friends.Well, what do they do as a club?" Millicent wanted to know; This is the exposition implying that Millicent will challenge the clubs activities.Swooping carefree over the moors, they would go singing; This is the falling action implying that the sorority girls will form a choir. Which of the following is a strategy for building a sustainable future? a. Importing more resources b. Using local materials c. Developing more nuclear power stations Calculate the number of molecules of carbon (IV) oxideproduced when 10g of CaCO3 is treated with 100cm of0.2mol dm HCl. The equation of the reaction isCaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2O(1) + CO2(g)ICa=40 (=12 O=161