Answer:
Throwing a ball up into the air. The ball will going accelerate up, then slowing down due to gravity, briefly stop, and then accelerating on its way down to the floor.
Explanation:
a 35.0-g bullet moving at 475 m/s strikes a 4.4-kg bag of flour that is on ice, at rest. the bullet passes through the bag, leaving at 220 m/s. how fast is the bag moving when the bullet exits?
When the 35.0-g bullet moving at 475 m/s strikes the 4.4-kg bag of flour, the momentum of the bullet is transferred to the bag of flour, causing the bag of flour to move and the bag moving when the bullet exits at 91.3 m/s.
What is the speed of bag moving when the bullet exits?We can calculate the velocity of the bag of flour after the collision using conservation of momentum:
Here we have the following data as :
Momentum of bullet before collision = Momentum of bullet and bag after collision
m bullet × v bullet, before = (m bullet + m bag) bag × v bag, after
We can solve for v bag ,after:
v bag ,after = (m bullet × v bullet, before) / (m bullet + m bag)
v bag, after = (35.0 g × 475 m/s) / (35.0 g + 4.4 kg) = 91.3 m/s
Therefore, the bag of flour is moving at 91.3 m/s when the bullet exits.
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focusing a camera changes the distance between the lens and the film. does the eye focus by changing the distance between the lens and the retina? explain your answer.
Focusing a camera changes the distance between the lens and the film. And the eye focus by changing the distance between the lens and the retina is true as, the eye does focus by changing the distance between the lens and the retina.
What is the effect of changing the distance?When we focus on an object, the curvature of the lens in our eye changes. This causes the light rays from the object to converge and focus on the retina, located at the back of the eye.
In order to focus on objects at different distances, our eye's lens must adjust its shape by changing its curvature, which changes the distance between the lens and the retina. This process is called accommodation.
The process of focusing the eye is similar to the process of focusing a camera. In a camera, changing the distance between the lens and the film allows for the object to be in focus. Similarly, in the eye, changing the distance between the lens and the retina allows for objects to be in focus.
Therefore, the eye focuses by changing the distance between the lens and the retina.
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What is gravity for Galileo?
Galileo famously observed that objects of different masses fall to Earth at the same rate, regardless of their mass. This observation led him to conclude that gravity was a universal force of attraction between any two objects with mass.
Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist, and mathematician who contributed greatly to the development of modern science. His contributions to physics include the creation of the scientific method and his work on the principles of motion and gravity.
Galileo was one of the first scientists to study gravity. He observed that objects of different weights would fall at the same rate when dropped from the same height. This led him to conclude that gravity is a constant force that acts upon all objects equally, regardless of their weight or composition.
Galileo's work on gravity laid the foundation for the later development of Sir Isaac Newton's theory of gravity. Newton built on Galileo's findings and formulated the law of universal gravitation, which states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
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a launcher with mass m1 is suspended from the ceiling by a string, as shown. a block with mass m2
The block and the launcher exert forces of equal magnitude on each other. So correct option is C.
Describe Force?Force is a physical quantity that describes the influence that one object exerts on another object, typically measured in units of newtons (N) in the International System of Units (SI). Force is a vector quantity because it has both a magnitude (how strong the force is) and a direction (the direction in which the force acts).
There are many types of forces, such as gravitational force, electrostatic force, magnetic force, frictional force, and normal force. Forces can be either contact forces, which are exerted by objects that are physically touching each other, or non-contact forces, which are exerted without any physical contact between objects.
Since the launcher is suspended from the ceiling by a string, it is in a state of equilibrium, meaning that the forces acting on it must balance out. Therefore, the only horizontal force acting on the launcher is the force exerted by the block when it is launched. According to Newton's third law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that the force exerted by the launcher on the block is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by the block on the launcher.
Therefore, the correct answer is (C) The block and the launcher exert forces of equal magnitude on each other.
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The complete question is:
Why is this wrong? Can anybody please help me thanks!
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{5427N}[/tex]
Explanation:
We use the well-known equation:
[tex]F=m\cdot a[/tex]
where:
[tex]F=[/tex] Force (Newton)[tex]m=[/tex] mass [tex](kg)[/tex][tex]a=[/tex] acceleration (m/s^2)so, we can rewrite the equation like this:
[tex]F= (810kg)(6.7m/s^2)\\F=5427N[/tex]
So, taking into account the statement as seen in the image, your answer must be correct.
[tex]\text{-B$\mathfrak{randon}$VN}[/tex]
Running on a treadmill is slightly easier than running outside because there is no drag force to work against. Suppose a 60 kg runner completes a 5.0 km race in 22 minutes. Determine the drag force on the runner during the race. Suppose that the cross section area of the runner is 0.72 m2 and the density of air is 1.2 kg/m3.I know how to get the drag force, but have no idea how to get the drag coefficient, in order to plug into the equation! I found the velocity in m/s, then went to find the force using F=1/2(density of air)(velocity^2)(drag coefficient)(cross section area) but don't know what to use for the drag coefficient.
Running on a treadmill is slightly easier than running outside because there is no drag force to work against. Suppose a 60 kg runner completes a 5.0 km race in 22 minutes. The drag force on the runner during the race is 13.4 N.
Running on a treadmill is slightly easier than running outside because there is no drag force to work against. Drag force is a form of air resistance that acts on objects moving through air. When a runner is running on a treadmill, there is no drag force to work against.
In order to calculate the drag force on the runner during the race, we need to determine the drag coefficient. The drag coefficient is a dimensionless number that represents the ratio of drag force to dynamic pressure. It is affected by the shape and size of the object as well as the fluid (air) it is moving through. Generally, a higher drag coefficient means that more force is required to move the object.
To calculate the drag coefficient, we can use the following formula: Cd = Fd / (1/2 * ρ * v2 * A), where Fd is the drag force, ρ is the density of the air, v is the velocity of the object, and A is the cross-sectional area of the object.
For our example, we are given a runner that is 60 kg and completed a 5 km race in 22 minutes. The velocity of the runner can be calculated by v = d/t, where d is the distance traveled and t is the time taken. This gives us a velocity of 8.3 m/s. The density of the air is given to be 1.2 kg/m3 and the cross-sectional area is 0.72 m2.
Plugging these values into the formula gives us a drag coefficient of 0.385. This means that for every 1 unit of dynamic pressure, the drag force is 0.385. We can now calculate the drag force on the runner by multiplying the drag coefficient by 1/2 * ρ * v2 * A. In this case, the drag force is 13.4 N.
In conclusion, the drag force on the runner during the race is 13.4 N. This was calculated by determining the drag coefficient using the formula Cd = Fd / (1/2 * ρ * v2 * A) and then multiplying it by 1/2 * ρ * v2 * A.
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a very long straight wire carries current 32 a. in the middle of the wire a right-angle bend is made. the bend forms an arc of a circle of radius 14 cm, as show. determine the magnetic field at the center of the arc.
Therefore, the magnetic field at the center of the arc is 1.005 × 10^-5 T.The formula to determine the magnetic field at the center of the arc of a circle is given by: B = μ₀ I / (4πr)Where,B = magnetic fieldI = current in the wirer = radius of the arc of a circleμ₀ = permeability of free space.
Let P1, P2, and P3 be the three points on the wire as shown in the diagram above, where the bend is at point P2.
The current element dl is pointing out of the page, perpendicular to the plane of the diagram. The magnetic field at point P, which is the center of the arc, is pointing upwards, also perpendicular to the plane of the diagram.
Using the right-hand rule for the cross product, we can see that the direction of the magnetic field due to this current element is clockwise around the current element. Therefore, the contribution of this current element to the magnetic field at point P is pointing downwards.
The distance from the current element dl to point P is the radius of the arc, which is 14 cm. Therefore, we can write:
dB = (μ₀/4π) * (I dl / r²)
We can now integrate this expression over the length of the arc, which is half the circumference of a circle of radius 14 cm:
B = 2 * ∫[0,π] dB = 2 * ∫[0,π] (μ₀/4π) * (I dl / r²)
where the limits of integration are from 0 to π because we are only considering half of the arc.
Since the arc is a quarter of a circle, the length of the arc is (π/2) * 2r, where r is the radius of the arc. Therefore, we can write:
dl = (π/2) * 2r * dθ
where dθ is a small angle element. Substituting this into the integral, we get:
B = 2 * ∫[0,π] (μ₀/4π) * (I (π/2) * 2r * dθ / r²)
Simplifying, we get:
B = (μ₀I/4) * ∫[0,π] dθ
Integrating, we get:
B = (μ₀I/4) * [π - 0]
Finally, substituting the values, we get:
B = (4π × 10^-7 T m/A × 32 A/4) * π
B = 1.005 × 10^-5 T
Therefore, the magnetic field at the center of the arc is 1.005 × 10^-5 T.
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A cyclist increases his speed from 10m/s to 20m/s. Calculate his average speed over this time interval
Answer: Lets say he is traveling that speed per 5 second.
Average Speed= Total Velocity/Time
(10+20)/5
30/5
6
Explanation:
What planet rotates once a day?
Earth is the only planet with a daily rotation. The only planet in our solar system known to offer the ideal circumstances for supporting life is Earth, which is located third from the Sun.
The only planet in our solar system known to offer the ideal circumstances for supporting life is Earth, which is located third from the Sun. The rotation of our planet, which creates day and night, is one of its most striking characteristics. Every 24 hours, the Earth spins on its axis, giving rise to the cycle of day and night. The Coriolis effect, which affects the direction of winds, ocean currents, and other significant motions in the atmosphere and seas, is also a result of this rotation. The molten core of the globe spins as Earth rotates, creating a magnetic field that shields humans from dangerous solar radiation.
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Suppose two rings are at the top of a ramp. The rings have the same mass, but one ring has a much larger radius than the other. Which ring will win the race to the bottom, and why? (Hint: Consider the potential energy, translational kinetic energy, and rotational kinetic energy of each ring.)
Suppose two rings are at the top of a ramp. The rings have the same mass, but one ring has a much larger radius than the other. The ring will win the race to the bottomis the ring with the larger radius will win the race to the bottom of the ramp because it will have more rotational kinetic energy.
The potential energy of the rings at the top of the ramp is converted into both translational and rotational kinetic energy as they roll down the ramp.At the top of the ramp, both rings have the same potential energy. As they roll down the ramp, the potential energy is converted into translational and rotational kinetic energy. The smaller radius ring will move faster because it will have less rotational kinetic energy and more translational kinetic energy than the larger radius ring.
Conversely, the larger radius ring will have less translational kinetic energy and more rotational kinetic energy than the smaller radius ring. Therefore, the larger radius ring will take longer to reach the bottom of the ramp but will have more rotational kinetic energy at the bottom than the smaller radius ring.
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in one cycle a heat engine absorbs 480 j from a high-temperature reservoir and expels 320 j to a low-temperature reservoir. if the efficiency of this engine is 56% of the efficiency of a carnot engine, what is the ratio of the low temperature to the high temperature in the carnot engine?
The ratio of the low temperature to high temperature of the Carnot engine is 2.38.
What is the efficiency of Carnot engine?The efficiency of the Carnot engine can be defined as the ratio of network done per cycle by the engine to the heat energy absorbed by the engine per cycle by the working substance from the source.
Efficiency = 1 - (Tlow/Thigh)
Heat absorbed by engine = 480J
Heat expelled by engine = 320J
Efficiency of the engine = 56% of efficiency of Carnot engine
The ratio of low temperature to high temperature in the Carnot engine.
Let's assume the efficiency of the Carnot engine is 'ηc' = 1 - T₂/T₁
Where, T₂ = Low temperature and T₁ = High temperature
To calculate the efficiency of the engine given, η = (Q1 - Q2)/Q1
η = (480 - 320)/480
η = 160/480
η = 1/3
η = 33.33%
Now, η = 56% × ηc
0.56ηc = 1/3ηc = (1/3)/0.56 = 0.58
As we already know, ηc = 1 - T₂/T₁
T₂/T₁ = 1 - ηc
T₂/T₁ = 1 - 0.58
T₂/T₁ = 0.42
T₁/T₂ = 1/0.42
T₁/T₂ = 2.38
Therefore, the ratio of low temperature to high temperature in the given Carnot engine with an efficiency of 56% will be about 2.38.
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heat transfer that occurs through liquids and gases is called
Heat transfer that occurs through liquids and gases is called Convection.
Heat transfer is the exchange of thermal energy between physical systems. It occurs when there is a temperature difference between two objects or regions of space, causing heat to flow from the hotter system to the cooler one. There are three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction is the transfer of heat through a material by direct contact. In this mode, heat flows from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. Convection is the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) by the movement of the fluid itself. This mode of heat transfer occurs through convection currents, where hot fluids rise and cooler fluids sink.
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A 30.0 ΩΩ bulb is connected across the terminals of a 12.0-V battery having 2.50 ΩΩ of internal resistance. What percentage of the power of the battery is dissipated across the internal resistance and hence is not available to the bulb?
The percentage of the power of the battery that is dissipated across the internal resistance and hence not available to the bulb is 7.63%
To find the percentage of the power dissipated across the internal resistance, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the total resistance in the circuit, which includes both the bulb's resistance and the battery's internal resistance: R(total) = R(bulb) + R(internal) = 30.0 Ω + 2.50 Ω = 32.50 Ω.
2. Calculate the current flowing through the circuit using Ohm's law: I = V / R(total) = 12.0 V / 32.50 Ω = 0.369 A.
3. Calculate the power supplied by the battery: P(battery) = V * I = 12.0 V * 0.369 A = 4.428 W.
4. Calculate the power dissipated across the internal resistance: P(internal) = I^2 * R(internal) = (0.369 A)^2 * 2.50 Ω = 0.338 W.
5. Find the percentage of the power dissipated across the internal resistance: (P(internal) / P(battery) * 100% = (0.338 W / 4.428 W) * 100% ≈ 7.63%.
Therefore, about 7.63% of the power of the battery is dissipated across the internal resistance and is not available to the bulb.
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a uniform meter stick is in static rotational equilibrium when a mass of 220 g is suspended from the 5 cm mark, a mass of 120 g is suspended from the 90 cm mark, and the support stand is placed at the 40 cm mark. what is the mass of the meter stick?
The meter stick is in static rotational equilibrium, which means that the sum of the clockwise torques must equal the sum of the counterclockwise torques. The torque is equal to the force multiplied by the distance from the support point, so we can set up the equation:
CW Torque (5 cm mark): 220 g x 5 cm = 1100 g-cm
CW Torque (90 cm mark): 120 g x 90 cm = 10,800 g-cm
CCW Torque (40 cm mark): M x 40 cm = M x 40 cm
1100 g-cm + 10,800 g-cm = M x 40 cm
M = (1100 + 10,800) / 40 = 250 g
Therefore, the mass of the meter stick is 250 g.
Rotational equilibrium refers to the condition in which an object is motionless and still rotating. The condition occurs when the net torque on an object is equal to zero.
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A straight 2.40 m wire carries a typical household current of 1.50 A (in one direction) at a location where the earth's magnetic field is 0.550 gauss from south to north. *I know there's a lot of questions, but I will rate the you-know-what out of you a) Find the direction of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if is oriented so that the current in it is running from west to east. b) Find the magnitude of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if is oriented so that the current in it is running from west to east. c) Find the direction of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if is oriented so that the current in it is running vertically upward. d) Find the magnitude of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if is oriented so that the current in it is running vertically upward. e) Find the direction of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if is oriented so that the current in it is running from north to south. f) Find the magnitude of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if is oriented so that the current in it is running from north to south. g) Is the magnetic force ever large enough to cause significant effects under normal household conditions?
a) If the current is running from west to east, the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord is directed upwards
b) The magnitude of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if it is oriented so that the current in it is running from west to east is F =2.64 x 10^-4 N
c) If the current is running vertically upward, the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord is directed to the left. west
d) The magnitude of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if it is oriented so that the current in it is running vertically upward is F = 0 zero
e) If the current is running from north to south, the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord is directed east.
f) The magnitude of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on this cord if it is oriented so that the current in it is running from north to south is F = 2.64 x 10^-4 N
g) The magnetic force is not large enough to cause significant effects under normal household conditions.
EXPLANATION
a) The direction of the force that our planet's magnetic field exerts on the cord is perpendicular to both the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field, according to the right-hand rule. In this case, if the current is running from west to east, and the magnetic field is from south to north, the force will be directed upwards.
b) The magnitude of the force can be calculated using the formula:
F = BIL sin(theta)
where B is the magnitude of the magnetic field, I is the current, L is the length of the wire, and theta is the angle between the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field. In this case, theta is 90 degrees, so sin(theta) = 1. Substituting the given values, we get:
F = (0.550 x 10^-4 T) x (1.50 A) x (2.40 m) x 1
= 2.64 x 10^-4 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the force is 2.64 x 10^-4 N.
c) If the current in the wire is running vertically upward, the force will be directed towards the west.
d) Using the same formula as in part (b), we can calculate the magnitude of the force:
F = (0.550 x 10^-4 T) x (1.50 A) x (2.40 m) x sin(90)
= 0
Therefore, the magnitude of the force is zero.
e) If the current in the wire is running from north to south, the force will be directed towards the east.
f) Using the same formula as in part (b), we can calculate the magnitude of the force:
F = (0.550 x 10^-4 T) x (1.50 A) x (2.40 m) x 1
= 2.64 x 10^-4 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the force is 2.64 x 10^-4 N.
g) The magnitude of the magnetic force in this case is quite small, and under normal household conditions, it is unlikely to cause significant effects. However, in some situations, such as in electrical power transmission systems, the effects of the magnetic force may need to be taken into account.
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a cross section across a diameter of a long cylindrical conductor of radius a=2 cm carrying uniform current 170 A. What is the magnitude of the current's magnetic field at radial distance (a) 0, (b) 1 cm, (c) 2 cm (wire's surface), and (d) 4 cm
The magnitude of the current's magnetic field at radial distances (a) 0, (b) 1cm, (c) 2cm (wire's surface), and (d) 4cm are undefined, 1.7 * 10^-3 Tesla, 1.7 * 10^-3 Tesla, and 8.5 * 10^-4 Tesla, respectively.
The question is about finding the magnitude of magnetic fields at different radial distances across a diameter of a long cylindrical conductor of radius a=2 cm carrying uniform current 170A.
Let's solve it step by step.
(a) At radial distance 0:
At the center of the conductor, r = 0, the magnetic field is zero.
It can be found by using the formula for the magnetic field at the center of the wire:
B = (μ_0 * I) / (2 * π * r)
= (4π * 10^-7 * 170) / (2π * 0)
= undefined.
Therefore, the magnetic field at r = 0 is undefined.
(b) At radial distance 1cm:
Using the formula for the magnetic field at a point P located at a radial distance r from the center of the wire:
B = (μ_0 * I) / (2 * π * r)
= (4π * 10^-7 * 170) / (2π * 0.01)
= 1.7 * 10^-3 Tesla.
(c) At radial distance 2cm:
The magnetic field at r = a (i.e., the surface of the wire) can be determined by substituting the value of r = 2cm into the magnetic field formula:
B = (μ_0 * I) / (2 * π * r)
= (4π * 10^-7 * 170) / (2π * 0.02)
= 1.7 * 10^-3 Tesla.
(d) At radial distance 4cm:
Again, we use the formula for the magnetic field at a point P located at a radial distance r from the center of the wire:
B = (μ_0 * I) / (2 * π * r)
= (4π * 10^-7 * 170) / (2π * 0.04)
= 8.5 * 10^-4 Tesla.
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What are water droplets that act as a prism?
O a
Ob
OC
Od
mirage
rainbow
filter
concave mirror
Water droplets that act as prism are phenomenon known as : b) rainbow.
What are water droplets that act as prism?When light enters water droplet and is refracted, it is dispersed into its component colors due to difference in the index of refraction of each color of light. This results in band of colors in the shape of arc with red on outer edge and violet on inner edge, with other colors of spectrum in between. This is the same effect as prism which disperses light in the same way.
Rainbows appear in seven colors because water droplets break sunlight into seven colors of spectrum and you get the same result when sunlight passes through prism. Water droplets in the atmosphere act as prism though traces of light are very complex.
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(a) A roller-coaster car has a total mass (including passengers) of 505 kg. Sitting in the car is a passenger with a mass of 52.0 kg. The car reaches the lowest point of a circular arc in the track, point A in the figure below, moving at a speed of 14.0 m/s. The radius of the arc is r, = 24.0 m. What is the magnitude (in N) and direction of the force that the seat exerts on the passenger at point A? magnitude direction Select-- v (b) What If? If the car has the same speed at point A as in part (a), what would the radius (in m) of the track have to be for the force of the seat on the passenger at this point to be three times the passenger's weight?
The force of the seat on the passenger is 7.33 N and its direction is inward toward the center of the arc. The radius of the track would have to be = 3,55 m.
At point A, the roller-coaster car has a total mass of 505 kg, including the passenger with a mass of 52.0 kg. The car is travelling at a speed of 14.0 m/s and the radius of the arc is 24.0 m. The force that the seat exerts on the passenger can be calculated using the formula F = mv2/r, where m is the mass of the passenger, v is the speed of the car, and r is the radius of the arc.
In this case, F = (52.0 kg)(14.0 m/s2) / 24.0 m = 7.33 N. The force of the seat on the passenger is 7.33 N, and its direction is inward toward the center of the arc.
For the force of the seat on the passenger at point A to be three times the passenger's weight (3 x 52.0 kg = 156.0 kg), the radius of the track would have to be r = (52.0 kg)(14.0 m/s2) / 156.0 kg = 3.55 m.
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the electric field just above the surface of the earth is roughly 100 v/m (over the entire surface) and points vertically downwards. a) calculate the total charge of the earth in coulombs (rearth
The electric field at a distance r from the center of a sphere of total charge Q is given by E=Q/(4πε0r^2). Calculate the radius of the earth R = 6.37 x 10^6 m2. Determine the volume of the earth V = (4/3)πR^33. Use the density of the earth, 5.5 g/cm3 to determine the mass of the earth m = density x volume4. Calculate the total charge of the earth Q = E x 4πε0R^2 Where,ε0 = permittivity of free spaceε0 = 8.85 x 10^-12 C^2 / Nm^2(a) The radius of the earth, R is;R = 6.37 x 10^6 m(b) Volume of the earth, V is;V = (4/3)πR^3= (4/3)π(6.37 x 10^6)^3= 1.086 x 10^21 m^3(c) Mass of the earth, m is;m = density x volume= 5.5 g/cm^3 × 1.086 x 10^21 m^3 × (10^3 cm/m)^3= 5.98 x 10^24 kg(d) Total charge of the earth, Q is;Q = E x 4πε0R^2= 100 (V/m) × 4π(8.85 × 10^-12 C^2/Nm^2) × (6.37 × 10^6 m)^2= 8.86 × 10^11 C.
Therefore, the total charge of the earth is 8.86 × 10^11 C.
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A high-wire artist missteps and falls 9. 2 m to the ground. What is her velocity upon landing (just before she strikes the ground)?
The final velocity (vf) of an item in free fall may be calculated using the following formula to determine the speed of the high-wire performer shortly before she hits the ground:
sqrt = vf (2gh)
where g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), h is the height from which the object falls (9.2 m), and sqrt represents the square root function.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
vf = sqrt(2 × 9.81 m/s² × 9.2 m)
= sqrt(180.0812 m²/s²)
≈ 13.42 m/s
Therefore, the velocity of the high-wire artist just before she strikes the ground is approximately 13.42 m/s.
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One of the stable isotopes of lithium has 3 protons and 4 neutrons, so its atomic mass is 7. Assume that a lithium atom initially at rest radiates a photon of energy 1.8488 eV and recoils.
How long does it take for the recoiling atom to travel 1 mm? Assume that the lithium atom travels in a straight line without any collisions.
Note: 1 amu = 1.66 × 10-27 kg
t =
It takes 1.196 × 10-8 seconds for the recoiling lithium atom to travel 1mm.
We know that the energy of the photon is E = 1.8488 eV. The momentum of the photon is given by:
p = E/c
where c is the speed of light.
Substituting the values we get:
p = 1.8488 × 1.6 × 10-19/3 × 108p = 6.160 × 10-28 kg m/s
By the conservation of momentum, the momentum of the lithium atom will be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the photon. Therefore, we can write:
|p atom| = |p photon|
p atom = 6.160 × 10-28 kg m/s
Let m be the mass of the lithium atom. We can now use the kinetic energy equation:
KE = 1/2mv^2
where KE is the kinetic energy of the atom, and v is the velocity of the atom. Initially, the atom is at rest. After the photon is emitted, the atom recoils with velocity v. Therefore, we can write:
KE = E
kinetic energy of the atom = E = 1.8488 e
V = 1.8488 × 1.6 × 10-19 Joules
v = √2E/m
where m is the mass of the lithium atom.
Substituting the value of m, we get:
v = √2 × 1.8488 × 1.6 × 10-19/6.941 × 10-26v = 8.373 × 105 m/s
Time taken to travel 1 mm is given by
t = distance/velocity
where the distance is 1 mm = 1 × 10-3 m.
Substituting the values, we get:
t = 1 × 10-3/8.373 × 105
t = 1.196 × 10-8 seconds.
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What is an accretion disk, and what are its characteristics? Select the true statements regarding accretion disks.
Choose one or more:
A. An accretion disk forms because there is nothing to stop the collapse of an interstellar cloud
toward its axis of rotation.
B. An accretion disk's radius is typically hundreds of AU.
C. Conservation of angular momentum leads a cloud to form a disk rather than collapse entirely.
D. Most of the material in an accretion disk that does not end up in the protostar is available
to form its planets.
E. The shape and motion of the accretion disk are the reason that the subsequently
formed planets all orbit in or near the equatorial plane of the star.
The statements that are true for the characteristics of accretion disk are, option (C) Conservation of angular momentum leads a cloud to form a disk rather than collapse entirely and option (E) The shape and motion of the accretion disk are the reason that the subsequently formed planets all orbit in or near the equatorial plane of the star.
An accretion disk is a disk of gas and dust that forms around a central object, such as a proto star or black hole, due to the conservation of angular momentum during the collapse of a rotating interstellar cloud. As material falls inward toward the central object, it forms a disk that heats up and emits radiation, providing a source of energy for the object. Some true statements regarding accretion disks are:
C. Conservation of angular momentum leads a cloud to form a disk rather than collapse entirely.
E. The shape and motion of the accretion disk are the reason that the subsequently formed planets all orbit in or near the equatorial plane of the star.
Statement A is incorrect because an accretion disk forms due to the conservation of angular momentum, not because there is nothing to stop the collapse of an interstellar cloud. Statement B is also incorrect because the size of an accretion disk can vary greatly depending on the size and mass of the central object and the amount of material available. Statement D is incorrect because most of the material in an accretion disk is expected to end up in the central object, not in its planets.
Therefore, the correct options are option (C) Conservation of angular momentum leads a cloud to form a disk rather than collapse entirely and option (E) The shape and motion of the accretion disk are the reason that the subsequently formed planets all orbit in or near the equatorial plane of the star.
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Is it possible to have an acceleration without having a force?
No, there must always be a force present in order to have an acceleration. This is because, according to Newton's Second Law of Motion, acceleration is exactly proportional to force.
An item will accelerate more quickly the more force is given to it. An object's velocity will remain constant without a force acting on it (whether it is at rest or moving with a constant speed and direction), hence its acceleration will be zero. One of Newton's Three Laws of Motion, this is referred to as the Law of Inertia. No, an acceleration always requires the presence of a force. This is because acceleration is eminently proportional to force, in accordance with Newton's Second Law of Motion. it NOT possible to have an acceleration without having a force.
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If you lean back in a chair, the two back legs act as a pivot. You can only lean so far back without falling over. Explain why in terms of your center of mass and a turning force.
Leaning back in a chair shifts your center of mass outside the base of support and creates a turning force around the pivot point of the two back legs, which can cause the chair to tip over.
When you lean back in a chair, your body's weight creates a turning force, or torque, around the pivot point formed by the two back legs of the chair. This torque tends to rotate your body further back, causing the chair to tip over if the force becomes too great. To maintain stability, you need to apply a counter-torque by shifting your center of mass back over the base of support.
What is turning force?
Turning force, also known as torque, is a force that causes an object to rotate around a fixed axis or pivot point. It is a product of a force acting on a lever arm (the perpendicular distance between the force's line of action and the pivot point).
What is pivot point?
A pivot point, also known as a fulcrum, is a fixed point around which a lever or other object is able to rotate or pivot. It is the point on which the object balances and rotates.
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A single constant force F = (3 i + 5 j) N acts on a 3.97 kg particle. (a) Calculate the work done by this force if the particle moves from the origin to the point having the vector position r = ( i - 2 j) m. (b) What is the speed of the particle at r if its speed at the origin is 4 m/s? (c) What is the change in the potential energy of the system?
(a) the work done by the force is -7 N.m
(b) the speed of the particle at r is 3.52 m/s
(c) Since the given force is not a conservative force, we cannot calculate the change in the potential energy of the system.
Work done by this force:
The work done by a force is calculated using the formula W = F.d, Where W is the work done, F is the force, and d is the displacement of the particle.Here, F = (3 i + 5 j) N, and d = r - 0 = ( i - 2 j) m - 0 i.e., d = (1 i - 2 j) m So,
W = F.d= (3 i + 5 j) N. (1 i - 2 j) m= 3 N.m - 10 N.m= -7 N.m
Therefore, the work done by the force is -7 N.m.
Speed of the particle at r:
Initial speed of the particle is given as 4 m/s. We need to calculate the final speed of the particle when it is at r. We can calculate the final speed using the work-energy principle which states that the work done by a force is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the particle.i.e., W = ΔKE. Total work done by the force is -7 N.m. Initial KE of the particle is 1/2 × 3.97 kg × (4 m/s)2 = 31.76 J.
Substituting the values in the above equation, we get
-7 = ΔKE - 31.76ΔKE = 24.76 J
Final KE of the particle is ΔKE = 1/2 × 3.97 kg × v2... (1)
Substituting the value of ΔKE in equation (1), we get
24.76 = 1/2 × 3.97 kg × v2v2 = 12.426 m2/s2v = 3.52 m/s
Therefore, the speed of the particle at r is 3.52 m/s.
Change in the potential energy of the system:
Potential energy of a system is defined as the work done by conservative forces to bring the particle from infinity to that position. Since the given force is not a conservative force, we cannot calculate the change in the potential energy of the system.
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Two charges, -2.1 μC and -5.6 μC , are located at (-0.50 m , 0) and (0.50 m , 0), respectively. There is a point on the x-axis between the two charges where the electric field is zero. Find the location of the point where the electric field is zero
The point on the x-axis between the two charges where the electric field is zero is 0.747 m, when the charges -2.1 μC and -5.6 μC are located at (-0.50 m , 0) and (0.50 m , 0), respectively.
An electric field is defined as the electric force per unit charge. It is a field of force surrounding electrically charged particles, such as electrons or protons in motion, that exerts force on surrounding matter. It is represented by the symbol E.
The electric field E at any point (x,y) on the x-axis due to the charge Q1 at (-0.50 m, 0) is
[tex]E1 = k * Q1 / r1^2[/tex]
where, k = Coulomb's constant = [tex]9 x 10^9 Nm^2/C^2[/tex]
Q1 = charge = -2.1 μC
r1 = distance between Q1 and
(x,y) = (0.50 + x) m
The electric field E at any point (x,y) on the x-axis due to the charge Q2 at (0.50 m, 0) is
[tex]E2 = k * Q2 / r2^2[/tex]
where,
Q2 = charge = -5.6 μC
r2 = distance between Q2 and (x,y) = (0.50 - x) m
The total electric field E at any point (x,y) on the x-axis due to both the charges is
[tex]E = E1 + E2 = k * Q1 / r1^2 + k * Q2 / r2^2[/tex]
[tex]E = k * (-2.1 * 10^-6) / (0.5 + x)^2 + k * (-5.6 * 10^-6) / (0.5 - x)^2[/tex]
At the point on the x-axis between the two charges where the electric field is zero,
[tex]E = 0k * (-2.1 * 10^-6) / (0.5 + x)^2 + k * (-5.6 * 10^-6) / (0.5 - x)^2 = 0[/tex]
Simplifying, we get [tex](0.5 + x)^2 / (0.5 - x)^2 = 2.667x^2 + 2.667x - 0.50 = 0[/tex]
Solving for x, we get
x = -1.74 m or
x = 0.747 m
We cannot have a negative value of x as the point has to be between the two charges. So, the location of the point where the electric field is zero is x = 0.747 m.
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1. I’m in the 2nd column, 4th row, and I’m a metal. Who am I? ________________ 2. I’m a very lonely nonmetal. Who am I? ____________ 3. I’m the only metal who is a liquid at room temperature. Who am I? ____________ 4. I’m named after the person who created the 1st Periodic Table. Who am I? ___________ 5. I have 92 protons. Who am I? _____________ 6. I’m the only nonmetal who is a liquid at room temperature. Who am I? ___________ 7. I’m named after a very famous scientist. Who am I? ___________ 8. I have 46 electrons. Who am I? ____________ 9. My atomic mass is 183. 84. Who am I? _____________ 10. My chemical symbol is Ag. Who am I? ________________ 11. I’m the only metalloid in period 3. Who am I? ___________ 12. I’m the only element that is solid and a nonmetal in group 14. Who am I? _____________ 13. I have 5 neutrons. Who am I? ____________ 14. I’m the only gas at room temperature that is in group 16. Who am I? ___________ 15. I have 68 protons. Who am I? __________ 16. What element has the chemical symbol of Ir? ______________ 17. Which element is in group 7 and has 30 neutrons. Who am I? ___________ 18. I’m the only metal in group 15. Who am I? ____________ 19. I have 88 electrons. Who am I? ___________ 20. I’m the only gas at room temperature and in period 5. Who am I? ____________ 21. My symbol is Am. Who am I? ______________ 22. I’m the only nonmetal in period 6. Who am I? ____________ 23. My atomic number is 69. 723. Who am I? _________________ 24. I have 159 neutrons. Who am I? ________________ 25. I’m the only metalloid in group 17. Who am I? ______________ 26. I have 50 electrons. Who am I? __________________ 27. I’m in the 1st group and the 4th period. Who am I? ________________ 28. I’m a metalloid whose symbol is Sb. Who am I? ______________ ©JFlowers2017 Name: ______________________________ Date: ___________Class: ________ Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt Directions: You will use the Periodic Table to answer the questions. 1. I’m in the 17th column, a nonmetal, & a solid at room temperature. Who am I? ________________ 2. I have 79 electrons. Who am I? ____________ 3. I’m the only gas in period 6. Who am I? ____________ 4. My atomic mass is 257. Who am I? ___________ 5. My chemical symbol is Hs. Who am I? _____________ 6. I have 114 neutrons. Who am I? ___________ 7. I’m in the 18th group and 2 nd period. Who am I? ___________ 8. I have 67 protons. Who am I? ____________ 9. I’m a nonmetal who is solid at room temperature & has 2 letters for my symbol. Who am I? _________ 10. I’m in the 1 st group & 7 th period. Who am I? ________________ 11. I’m the only metalloid in group 13. Who am I? ___________ 12. I have 97 electrons. Who am I? _____________ 13. I am the only gas in column 15. Who am I? ____________ 14. My name is similar to Mickey Mouse’s best friend. Who am I? ___________ 15. I’m in group 11 & period 4. Who am I? __________ 16. I have 62 protons. Who am I? ______________ 17. My name fits really well with doctors because they try to do this. Who am I? ___________ 18. My name reminds me of where we all live. Who am I? ____________ 19. I’m the only nonmetal in period 2. Who am I? ___________ 20. My atomic number is 87. 62. Who am I? ____________ 21. My symbol is Mt. Who am I? ______________ 22. I’m in group 17 & the only metalloid. Who am I? ____________ 23. I have 71 electrons. Who am I? _________________ 24. My symbol is Pd. Who am I? ________________ 25. I’m Dorothy’s friend who needed a heart. Who am I? ______________ 26. I have 41 protons. Who am I? __________________ 27. I have 125 neutrons. Who am I? ________________ 28. My name comes from the 8th planet. Who am I? ______________
The Periodic Table of Elements served as the inspiration for this scavenger hunt. The exercise consists of two sets of questions, each of which has 28 questions that must be answered using the Periodic Table.
Students are tasked with identifying elements in the first set of questions using information from their attributes, such as the element's position on the periodic table, atomic mass, or quantity of electrons, protons, or neutrons. The objectives of the questions are to familiarise students with the properties of various elements and the structure of the Periodic Table. The second series of questions is comparable to the first, but more difficult because it asks students to identify components using less obvious cues, like their chemical symbol or a chemical formula. In order to succeed in their future studies of chemistry and other related sciences, students will benefit from being more familiar with the structure of the periodic table and the characteristics of various elements.
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Which of these stars has the greatest surface temperature? a. a main-sequence B star. b. a supergiant A star. c. a giant K star.
Main-sequence B star has the greatest surface temperature. The correct answer is a.
The surface temperature of a star is closely related to its spectral classification, which is determined by analyzing the star's spectrum. The temperature of a star's surface affects its color, with hotter stars appearing bluer and cooler stars appearing redder. Main-sequence stars are stars that are fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores.
The temperature of a star's surface depends on its spectral class, which is determined by its temperature. B stars are hotter than A stars, K stars are cooler than A stars, and supergiant stars are generally cooler than main-sequence stars of the same spectral class. Therefore, option a, a main-sequence B star has the highest surface temperature of the three options given.
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A student placed a stuffed animal on the dashboard of a car. When the car accelerated quickly, the stuffed animal flew back onto the seat. Which principle BEST describes the motion of the stuffed animal as the car accelerated.inertiaspeedmomentumgravity
The principle that best describes the motion of the stuffed animal as the car accelerated is inertia.
Inertia is a property of matter that describes the resistance of an object to changes in its state of motion. An object will stay at rest or continue moving in a straight line at a constant speed if no external force acts upon it. This property of matter is referred to as inertia.
The stuffed animal in the scenario experienced the effects of inertia. The stuffed animal was at rest on the dashboard, and when the car accelerated quickly, the stuffed animal had a tendency to remain at rest due to its inertia. This resistance to a change in motion led to the stuffed animal being propelled backward and off the dashboard and onto the seat.
The principle that best describes the motion of the stuffed animal as the car accelerated is inertia. The stuffed animal had a tendency to remain at rest due to its inertia. This resistance to a change in motion led to the stuffed animal being propelled backward and off the dashboard and onto the seat.
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Which one of the following lists gives the correct order of the electromagnetic waves fromlonger wavelength to shorter wavelength?A) radio waves, infrared, microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, x-rays, gamma raysB) radio waves, ultraviolet, x-rays, microwaves, infrared, visible, gamma raysC) radio waves, microwaves, visible, x-rays, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma raysD) radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma raysE) radio waves, infrared, x-rays, microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, gamma rays
The correct order of electromagnetic waves from longer wavelength to shorter wavelength are D) radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays. Therefore, the correct option is D.
The electromagnetic spectrum includes the entire range of electromagnetic radiation. This range is divided into seven main categories depending on their wavelength and frequency. These categories are radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
Radio waves: These are the longest wavelengths and the lowest frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum. Radio waves have a frequency of fewer than 300 GHz and wavelengths ranging from a few centimeters to a few kilometers.
Microwaves: These waves are next in order of wavelength after radio waves. The microwave wavelength ranges from a few millimeters to a few centimeters. Microwaves are used in many applications like communication, heating food, and radar systems.
Infrared: The wavelength of infrared radiation ranges from 700 nm to 1 mm. Infrared radiation is used in many applications like heating, remote temperature sensing, and security systems.
Visible Light: It is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye. The wavelength of visible light ranges from 400 to 700 nm. The color of light changes depending on the wavelength.
Ultraviolet: Ultraviolet light has a wavelength ranging from 10 nm to 400 nm. UV light is harmful to living organisms and can cause skin cancer, eye damage, and premature aging.
X-rays: X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 0.01 nm to 10 nm. They are used in medicine and industry to produce images of the internal structures of objects.
Gamma rays: They are the most energetic waves in the electromagnetic spectrum. Gamma rays have the shortest wavelengths and the highest frequencies. They are produced by nuclear explosions, radioactive decay, and nuclear reactions.
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