5. A study was conducted over 30 years to see the association of feeding habit and heart disease among 300 persons. After 30 years of follow-up, 8 of 100 vegetarians and 20 of 200 non-vegetarians develop heart disease. (5pt)
A. Draw 2x2 table
B. Calculate appropriate type of measure of association
C. Interpret the finding
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Answer:
Explanation:5. A study was conducted over 30 years to see the association of feeding habit and heart disease among 300 persons. After 30 years of follow-up, 8 of 100 vegetarians and 20 of 200 non-vegetarians develop heart disease. (5pt)
A. Draw 2x2 table
B. Calculate appropriate type of measure of association
C. Interpret the finding
A. The 2x2 table representing the association of feeding habit and heart disease is attached below:
B. Rate of heart patient per 100 individuals for vegetarians is 8% and for non-vegetarians is 10% in the same duration of follow up.
C. It is found that eating more meat, especially red meat and processed meat, was associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Give a brief account on cardiovascular disease.Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of diseases of the heart and blood vessels, which include:
Coronary artery disease - Blood vessels disease that supply the heart muscle;
Cerebrovascular disease - A disease of the blood vessels that supply the brain.
Peripheral arterial disease - disease of the blood vessels that supply the arms and legs;
Rheumatic heart disease - Damage to the heart muscle and heart valves from streptococcal rheumatic fever.
Congenital heart disease – birth defects that affect the normal development and function of the heart, caused by abnormalities in the heart's structure at birth; and
Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism - Blood clots in the leg veins can loosen and travel to the heart or lungs.
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____ is a drug that, when consumed in excess (often via binge drinking), can damage every system in the body.
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Alcohol is a drug that, when consumed in excess (often via binge drinking), can damage every system in the body.
Binge drinking is the excessive consumption of alcohol in a single session, usually over a period of several hours or more. Binge drinking can cause long-term and short-term health problems, including liver damage, heart disease, weakened immune system, increased risk of stroke and depression, and increased risk of cancer. Binge drinking can also lead to other serious issues, such as alcohol poisoning, blackouts, risky sexual behaviors, and violent behaviors. Long-term health problems that can be caused by excessive drinking can include cirrhosis of the liver, high blood pressure, cancer of the digestive organs, depression, and anxiety. In addition, alcohol abuse can lead to dependence and addiction, which can have severe effects on relationships, work, and school.
It is important to drink in moderation and never drink to the point of intoxication. If you or someone you know is struggling with alcohol abuse, seek professional help.
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a patient expresses that being diagnosed with narcolepsy has been devastating for him. which statement by the patient should the nurse focus on initially during the assessment?
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The nurse should focus on the statement
"I sometimes wonder if it is worth living a life that has so many restrictions."
What is narcolepsy?Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that affects the regulation of sleep-wake cycles in the brain. People with narcolepsy experience excessive daytime sleepiness, sudden attacks of sleep, and disruptions in nighttime sleep. They may also experience cataplexy, a sudden loss of muscle tone that can cause weakness or paralysis.
Narcolepsy is thought to be caused by a deficiency in the neurotransmitter hypocretin, which regulates wakefulness and helps to stabilize the sleep-wake cycle. This deficiency may be the result of an autoimmune disorder, in which the body's immune system attacks the cells that produce hypocretin.
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hiv infects t helper cells and severely reduces their number. which of the following do you expect as a result of this?
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The immune system of the individual is weakened as HIV infects T-helper cells, and their numbers are drastically reduced. This makes the individual more susceptible to opportunistic infections, which is the outcome of this.
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, which is a virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome). As a result, the immune system is significantly weakened, and the body is vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers that take advantage of the weakened immune system.
The T-helper cells, which help to control and direct the immune system, are the primary target of HIV. When the virus infects a T-helper cell, it integrates its genetic material into the cell's DNA, reprogramming the cell to produce more virus. As a result, the number of T-helper cells decreases rapidly, and the immune system's ability to defend the body against diseases is severely impaired, resulting in an increased risk of opportunistic infections.
T-helper cells play a critical role in coordinating the immune response, and their primary function is to assist and enhance the activity of other immune cells, such as B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells. When a foreign antigen is detected by an immune cell, such as a dendritic cell or macrophage, it processes and displays it on its surface. The T-helper cells recognize these antigens and release cytokines that activate and assist other immune cells, allowing the immune system to detect and destroy the foreign antigen.
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what is the condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes cloudy and causes blurred or partial vision?
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There are eight hospitals in a data set showing the number of discharges with the total days in the hospital. A mean length of stay is derived from the average daily census. A mean charge per hospital has been calculated. It appears that one of the hospitals has the highest mean charge and the longest mean length of stay. Is this data quantitative or qualitative? Explain.
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This data is quantitative, as it is describing the numbers which can be quantified using numbers and statistics.
Quantitative data is data that can be counted or measured, such as length, time, or dollars, as opposed to qualitative data, which is descriptive and often involves subjective judgments or interpretations.
The above-mentioned scenario has numerical data which is measurable.
The given data set describes numerical data that is considered quantitative. It includes the average daily census, total days in the hospital, and mean charge per hospital.
These values are measurable and can be counted, therefore this data is quantitative.
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Making a map is an example of organizing items by ______ order
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Answer:
geographical
Explanation:
the emergency departmen tnurse is performing an assessment who has sustained circumferential burns of both legs
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The emergency department nurse is assessing a patient who has sustained circumferential burns in both legs. The assessment indicates that there is a complete or near-complete burn encircling the affected area.
A complete assessment of circumferential burns is necessary for determining the treatment. Assessment by the emergency department nurse should include the depth and degree of the burns, as well as the size, location, and type of burn. Emergency department nurses who handle burn patients should be familiar with the ABCDE assessment method for burns.
This method includes evaluating the patient's Airway and Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure (ABCDE). A nurse will initially evaluate the patient's vital signs, which include heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation levels. The patient's symptoms and medical history are also taken into account. Intravenous fluids may be given to treat dehydration and maintain fluid balance.
Finally, the nurse will document the extent and severity of the burns, the medical history, the patient's symptoms, and the course of treatment.
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Why is the presence of microfilaria important when recommending a treatment plan for dogs?
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Answer:
I hope you have gotten your answer
Explanation:
Microfilaria
A. reconditum is a microfilaria-producing (filaroid) nematode that lives in the canine subcutis and on muscle fasciae.
The nurse is educating a client on a new antidepressant prescription. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching? "This medication will cure my depression." "I should never double the dose to feel better." "I will see my health care provider every month." "It may take several weeks for the medication to take effect."
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The sentence "This drug will cure my depression" shows the need for additional instruction. Antidepressants are a form of medication that can aid with symptoms rather than a cure for depression.
What should be taken into account when prescribing medications?Medical professionals from both private and public health institutions viewed demonstrated clinical effectiveness as the most crucial factor to take into account when prescribing.
Why is it crucial to emphasise the necessity of preventing abrupt medication termination when educating clients about the drug alprazolam?If you take alprazolam for a number of days to weeks, especially, you may develop a physical dependence (a condition in which unpleasant physical symptoms appear if a medicine is abruptly withdrawn or taken in reduced amounts).
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decorticate posturing damage to what part of brain?
Answers
Answer:
Decorticate posturing is typically associated with damage to the cerebral hemispheres, particularly the cortex and the internal capsule
Explanation:
Decorticate posturing is a type of abnormal posturing that occurs as a result of damage to the brain. It is characterized by the arms being flexed and the legs being extended.
Decorticate posturing is typically associated with damage to the cerebral hemispheres, particularly the cortex and the internal capsule. The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for higher brain functions, such as voluntary movement, sensation, and perception. Damage to these areas can result in a variety of neurological symptoms, including decorticate posturing.
However, it is important to note that other brain areas can also be affected and lead to decorticate posturing. For example, damage to the thalamus, brainstem, or spinal cord can also cause this type of abnormal posturing. The specific location and extent of the brain damage can affect the severity and type of symptoms experienced by the individual.
Which of the following is the best action to take initially with a client who presents with poor oral control of liquids and solids, coughing and choking while eating and drinking, and a history of hospitalizations associated with pneumonia?
A.Thickening liquids so that the client will be better able to control oral movements for swallowing
B.Obtaining a modified barium-swallow study to determine appropriate interventions
C.Evaluating the client’s ability to eat a variety of foods in order to determine which foods are safest
D.Prescribing that the client be NPO, since aspiration is present
Answers
The best action to take initially with a client who presents with poor oral control of liquids and solids, coughing and choking while eating and drinking, and a history of hospitalizations associated with pneumonia is obtaining a modified barium-swallow study to determine appropriate interventions.
The correct answer is B.
The client in the given case seems to have dysphagia, which is defined as difficulty or discomfort in swallowing, which puts the client at high risk of aspiration and subsequent pneumonia. Dysphagia can be caused by a number of disorders including stroke, neurological diseases, or structural abnormalities. A modified barium-swallow study is a radiological procedure that assesses the client's swallowing function and detects the underlying structural or functional abnormalities.
The study provides real-time visualization of the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases of swallowing, which helps in identifying the specific swallowing problems and allows for the development of individualized interventions.
In summary, the best action to take initially with a client who presents with poor oral control of liquids and solids, coughing and choking while eating and drinking, and a history of hospitalizations associated with pneumonia is Obtaining a modified barium-swallow study to determine appropriate interventions.
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mariyah loves leafy green salads, so which of the following items should she add to the salads to increase their calcium content?
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(d) is the correct option. Vitamin A, Vitamin C, beta-carotene, calcium, and folate are all present in salad greens. Vegetables that are red and have dark green leaves typically contain more antioxidants.
Consider lettuce as a free food; it has a lot of nutrients and only has about seven calories per cup. Using lettuce as the base is a fantastic place to start. Because they are naturally low in calories and sodium and free of cholesterol, leafy vegetables make a fantastic addition to a healthy diet. Leafy greens provide a number of health advantages thanks to phytonutrients, special substances that protect plants. These substances are increasingly acknowledged as essential to a healthy diet that supports long-term wellness.
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Mariyah loves leafy green salads,so which of the following items should she add to the salads to increase their calcium content?
A)Cooked chicken strips
B)Raw apple slices
C)Shredded red cabbage
D)Raw,shredded bok choy
A nurse is teaching a client about advance directives. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? "This means I have outlined my wishes for medication treatment."
Answers
While medication treatment may be one aspect of the directive, the statement does not fully demonstrate an understanding of all the elements involved in advance directives. The nurse may need to provide further education on this topic.
What is Medicine Treratment?
Medical treatment refers to the use of medication, procedures, therapies, or other interventions to prevent, diagnose, manage, or cure a disease, injury, or medical condition. Medical treatment may involve the use of prescription drugs, surgery, radiation therapy, physical therapy, or other medical procedures.
While the statement "This means I have outlined my wishes for medication treatment" shows that the client has understood that they will be able to specify their medical treatment wishes, it doesn't fully encompass what advance directives entail.
An advance directive is a legal document that outlines a person's wishes regarding medical treatment in the event that they become incapacitated or unable to make decisions for themselves. It can include instructions for end-of-life care, life-sustaining treatments, and organ donation.
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Which of the following techniques is heavily used to contact alters in the case of dissociative identity disorder? A. Channeling B. Dream analysis
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The technique that is heavily used to contact alters in the case of dissociative identity disorder is letter writing.
The correct option is D
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a mental health disorder that is characterized by having two or more distinct personalities or identities. Each personality can have its thoughts, behaviors, and mannerisms, and people with DID may have periods of memory loss or amnesia.The technique that is heavily used to contact alters in the case of dissociative identity disorder is letter writing. Letter writing is useful because it can enable communication between different identities without them being aware of it.
A psychologist may ask a patient with DID to write a letter to their different identities and ask them to respond. By doing so, different alters may have the chance to express themselves through the writing of the letter. In this way, communication can be established between the different personalities.
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